Human medicines control century

E. In health care we see a move over the last century and a quarter toward preventive and diagnostic medicine and comprehensive health care. With the help of extremely sensitive and accurate medical practice, pharmacology, biochemistry, and electronic and computer systems every individual s health is analyzed periodically from birth. Every family and person is counseled as to the best health regimen to follow based on tests and background. We have settled the problems of national values and controls of genetic matters and other new scientific and medical procedures related to human life. This required years of scientific investigation, ethical deliberation, and new legislation which affects all countries. 

CA has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine for psychoactive purposes to control anxiety and help in relaxation and mental calmness. Various studies and evaluations by human and animal models have confirmed the potential claim of CA and its triterpenoid centellosides in anxiolytic activity. In animal studies, the methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of CA as well as the AS of the plant have been reported to possess anxiolytic activity in rat behavioral models [51], In elevated plus maze study, CA methanol extract (3,047 mg kg of body weight) and AS (3 and 5 mg kg ) significantly reduced the number of closed arm entries and increased the time spent in protected head dips, whereas both CA ethyl acetate extract (111 mg kg ) and AS (3 and 5 mg kg ) significantly increased the number of protected head dips and the time spent for this activity. For the open-field test, AS (3-10 mg kg ) significantly increased the rat spent time (41.3 s) at the center of the arena, while the social interaction test treatment with 1 and 3 mg kg of AS significantly reduced the number of non-interaction activity by 29.8 s and 35.0 s, respectively. 

Some idea of the relative importance of antibiotic therapy as a disease control measure in populations can be gained from an analysis of the patterns of human infectious disease mortality. During the last century deaths to infectious diseases showed a dramatic decline in developed countries. This decline is popularly believed to have been a result of developments in scientific medicine and, in particular, of the application of antibiotics. This belief is not, however, supported by the detailed analysis of mortality data for England and Wales reported by McKeown (1976). He observed that deaths to both viral and bacterial diseases decreased by approximately 90% in the period before any chemotherapeutic agents became available or any vaccine use (with the exception of that designed to control smallpox), was widespread. He concluded, immunization and treatment contributed little to the reduction of deaths from infectious diseases before 1935 and over the whole period since the cause of death was first registered (1835) they were much less important than other influences . These analyses demonstrate that, even in densely populated areas and contrary to popular mythology, a dramatic decline in deaths to infectious diseases can and did occur without reliance on chemotherapy. 

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