Hubble Space Telescop

Some graphite-epoxy structures can be tailored to have a zero coefficient of thermal expansion, a big advantage for large antennas that must pass in and out of the sun, yet maintain dimensional stability for accuracy of pointing the signal. For example, a graphite-epoxy truss is used to stabilize and support the Hubble Space Telescope. 

Figure 3.12 Line of sight through three Giant Molecular Clouds to the Hubble Space Telescope. (Reproduced by courtesy of StscI and NASA)...

The spectral features observed by astronomers have led to the classification of stars into seven broad classes outlined in Table 4.1, together with their surface temperatures. The highest-temperature class, class O, contains may ionised atoms in the spectrum whereas the older stars in class M have a much lower temperature and many more elements present in the spectrum of the star. Observation of a large number of the stars has lead to extensive stellar catalogues, recently extended by the increased sensitivity of the Hubble Space Telescope. Making sense of this vast quantity of information is difficult but in the early 19th century two astronomers... 

Fig. 3.8. Profiles of interstellar absorption lines observed in the line of sight to the star HD 93521 with the Goddard high resolution spectrograph at the Hubble Space Telescope. Solid lines are theoretical profiles based on cloud velocities indicated by the tick marks at the top dots indicate the data points. After Spitzer and Fitzpatrick (1993). Courtesy Ed Fitzpatrick.

Fig. 8.3. C/O ratio vs. O/H in Galactic and extragalactic H n regions, based on International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations. After Garnett (2004).

How can absorption and emission spectra be used by the Hubble space telescope to study the structures of stars or other objects found in deep space ... 

Astronomy s new eyes carry code names like HST (Hubble Space Telescope), XMM (X-ray Multi-Mirror) and GRO (Gamma-Ray Observatory). Each wavelength region has its own squadron, extended by future spacecraft that take us ever further towards sensitivity and detailed analysis of images and spectra. 

This investigation, involving the most up-to-date instruments such as the Hubble Space Telescope, led to the following conclusion the data disagree strongly with the hypothesis that the Universe is flat and contains no quintessence, thus ruling out one of the most favoured cosmological models. 

Images of a bipolar jet from a protostar taken by the Hubble space telescope. Evolution of the jet with time is visible between the three images. 

Binzel, R. P., Gaffey, M. J., Thomas, P. et al. (1997) Geologic mapping of Vesta from 1994 Hubble Space Telescope images. Icarus, 128, 95-103. 

Studies of old stars, such as HD140283, have been made quite recently. This star is considered to be so old that it has only about % of the oxygen and other heavier elements that the sun has. About 1000 times more beryllium has been found than possibly could be attributed to cosmic radiation, These observations were essentially confirmed by one of the early experiments using the Hubble Space Telescope. These observations will contribute to further unraveling the remaining problems pertaining to the origin of the universe. 

This image of the Crab Nebula taken by the Hubble Space Telescope shows enormous interstellar gas clouds, in which spallation reactions may be taking place. 

Fig. 1.5 Egg Planetary Nebulae image was taken with NASA s Hubble Space Telescope...

Let us only remark that excellent progress has been recently made toward the measurement of Hq through the Hubble Space Telescope. Consistently with current estimates, the result favors the following value 72 2 7 km/s/Mpc (Freedman Turner, 2003). 

Reproduced by permission p. 70 Gas pillars in Eagle Nebula, view from Hubble Space Telescope (HST), photograph. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) p. 73 Saints and Sinners, sculpture by Marshall M. Fredericks, photograph. 

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