Hot-melt extrusion technique

McGinity, J.W. Koleng, J.J. Preparation and Evaluation of Rapid-Release Granules Using a Novel Hot-Melt Extrusion Technique, 1997, 2, 153. 

Drug Substances Processed by Hot-Melt Extrusion Techniques ... 

Hot-melt extrusion is one of the most widely applied processing techniques in the plastics industry. Joseph Brama invented the extrusion process for the manufacturing of lead pipes at the end of the eighteenth century. However, hot-melt extrusion was not applied in the plastics industry until the mid-nineteenth century, when it was first introduced into a wire insulation polymer coating process. Today, hot-melt extrusion is not only widely applied in the production of polymeric articles but also in polymer production and compounding. Currently, more than half of all plastic products, including plastic bags, sheets, and pipes, are manufactured by this process. ... 

Follonier, N. Doelker, E. Cole, E.T. Evaluation of hot-melt extrusion as a new technique for the production of polymer-based pellets for sustained release capsules containing high loading of freely soluble drugs. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 1994, 20 (8), 1323-1339. 

Hot-melt extrusion is a processing technique that has dramatically increased its presence in the pharmaceutical application field over the last decade. "i1... 

Leister, D., Geilen, T., and Geissler, T. Twin-screw extruders for pharmaceutical hot-melt extrusion Technology, techniques and practices. In Douroumis, D. (ed.), Hot-Melt Extrusion Pharmaceutical Applications, 1st edn. Wiley, Chichester, U.K., 2012, pp. 23-42. 

DSC is a valuable tool in characterizing granulations made by hot melt extrusion for determining glass transition temperatures and crystalline or amorphous nature of the formulation. Perissutti et al. (19) used this technique to characterize carbamazepine and polyethylene glycol 4000 granules obtained after hot melt granulation. 

Apart from the fabrication techniques mentioned in the previous sections, other fabrication techniques such as solvent casting, freeze-drying, and electrodeposition, and hot-melt extrusion have been successfully employed for tissue engineering applications. 

Hot-melt extrusion has also been used to fabricate nanocomposites. Liao et al. (2013) employed a hot-melt extrusion fabrication technique to fabricate polypropylene-based nanocomposites. Polypropylene, MWCNTs, and HA nanorods were added to the twin-screw extruder. The nanocomposites were molded into rectangular shapes. The authors have hypothesized the potential of the fabricated nanocomposite for bone implants. 

Chem. Descrip. High m.w. polyamide/polyester copolymers Uses Hot-melt adhesive for extrusion of fusible film, monofilament, netting, web, and multifilament, for thin film fusible coatings, for applic. by disp. techniques used in textile industry, adhesive for fusion bonding of textiles, leather, wood, glass, and metals, and misc. applies, incl. automotive interiors, belts, color cones., hats, hose construction, rainwear, shoes, television tubes, wire coating, etc. 

These can be prepared by techniques like wet granulation, extrusion—spheronization, and hot melt extmsion, as illustrated in Figure 4.8. Solid self-nanoemulsifying pellets are documented to possess several advantages, such as flexibility of manufacturing, reduced intra- and/or intersubject variation in plasma profiles, and minimal G1 irritation (Serratoni et al., 2007). 

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