Hostage taking

The earlier international agreements do not oppose the development of common law regarding the use of reprisals. In particular, Article 50 of the Hague Land Warfare Convention dealt only with collective punishment, but not with reprisals and not with hostage-taking.75... 

Last, but certainly not least, the recently renewed interest in so-called non-lethal CW threatens to undermine the current prohibition regime and calls into question the viability of any future CW control efforts. If there was the need for a wake-up call to raise awareness of this problem, this was most certainly provided by the use of a fen-tanyl-derivative - as it was called by the Russian authorities - that was used to end the Moscow theatre hostage-taking in fall of 2002.52 However, this incident represents just the tip of the iceberg, as more states than just Russia are interested in utilizing so-called non-lethal chemical weapons in a number of police and military scenarios other than war. Certainly the US military shows a strong interest in developing this kind of capability.53... 

Article 34 supplements this with the order that taking hostages is also prohibited. In the time of the Second World War, therefore, there was a gap in the conventions for the treatment of civilians. 

Let us investigate whether reprisals and the killing of security hostages were permissible up to 1949. Since customs and common law are very important in this context, let us first take a look at how reprisals were applied in practice. 

Under martial law, however, taking hostages in order to ensure that the inhabitants of the occupied territory obey the orders of the military government is permitted by the laws of warfare. Such hostages may be tried in court, and even sentenced to death. 

A 76-year-old man who was taking oxybutynin 3 mg tds for bladder instability took donepezil 5 mg/day for presumed Alzheimer s disease and 5 days later became very paranoid, believing that his wife had been stealing his money. He beat her and held her hostage in their house with a knife until their daughter intervened. He was given haloperidol 0.5 mg bd, and donepezil and oxybutynin were withdrawn. His paranoid ideation resolved within a few days and did not recur despite withdrawal of haloperidol. 

Although the mechanics of racism seem to start with those in power, the system is also maintained by the oppressed s internalization of the mechanics.. . . This internalization of the mechanics of oppression is a version of the hostage syndrome observed in prisoners of war. Prisoners take on characteristics of their captors and even defend their behaviors as their plight and ability to make sense out of an irrational reality are integrally linked with survival (Root 1996a, 5). 

Al considered it. Hostages might just work. It would take a lot of effort to arrange, and the Organization soldiers would really have to be on the ball. Risky. 

Deputy Directors Krauss, Mehner and Scharff, either arrested within the works or fetched from their homes, are being held as hostages at the works. Roads around the factory sealed off in some cases, no trams allowed in the northern sector of the town until 8.00 am. Spahis, scouts are keeping the main roads clear and are said to have used their sabres on those who were too slow to take evasive action but not seen out of doors after a few more hours. The strength of the force involved was apparently about a regiment of Moroccans, two squadrons of spahis and a number of machine guns and tanks... 

A serious terrorist use of chemical weapons caused deaths and injuries in Tokyo on 20 March 1995. In response to the taking of hostages by armed Chechens in Moscow on 23 October 2002, Russian special forces, on 26 October 2002, applied an incapacitating agent in the course of their raid. ... 

The henchman says he ii kiii both you and your buddy (the one taken hostage earlier, who s still their prisoner) unless you tell your men to leave—that you ll take it alone from here. 

Terrorism is a covert and criminal act that provides problems for management and emergency service personnel. Many of these acts of terrorism deal with bomb incidents, bomb threats, and the taking of hostages. To be prepared, contact must be made with the local enforcement agencies, the FBI, and bomb disposal units. This allows for the assistance of more experienced personnel. 

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