Hormones specific types

Hormone A substance circulating in body fluids that causes a specific type of activity within cells... 

In addition, the net charge of the hormone could also influence its binding ability. Thus, the observation of conformational patterns among thyroactive structures which correlate with function, activity and binding data provide useful information in describing specific types of hormone-receptor interactions. 

In vitro, a cell population is usually studied in isolation from other cell types and the rest of the body. Indeed, this configuration excludes the effects (both beneficial and deleterious) of external hormonal and nervous signal as well as intervention by the immune system. However, this is an ideal setup to study the mechanistic response of a specific type of cell without interference or contamination by other cell types. An approach to draw a global picture of the responses of cells exposed to chemicals in vitro is presented in the next section. 

In preliminary studies ( ), we have demonstrated a dose related depression of specific type I deiodlnase activity in livers of TCDD treated rats held 7 days which paralleled a decrease in serum T. This result is compatible with the demonstrated dependence of deiodlnase activity on serum thyroid hormone levels (14-15), and probably does not reflect direct inhibition, particularly 7 days after treatment. Any competitive inhibitory effect of dioxin on the deiodlnase activity appears to be over-shadowed by a serum T related regulation of the enzyme activity or by a biochemical event reflected in the serum T decrease. It has been demonstrated (28) that in hypothyroid rats 5 -deiodlnase activity in the liver is depressed. Based on these preliminary vitro and vivo results. 

The accumulation of phytochemicals can be regulated by endogenous signals (e.g., hormones), or induced by exogenous/environmental conditions. The specific type of compounds, their level of accumulation and the spatio-temporal distribution of phytochemicals varies between different plant species. For example, during development and growth, plants accumulate monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. These volatile compounds are primarily released from aerial plant parts and play a major role in the interaction between plants and the environment (e.g.. 

Pauling (65) expresses the foregoing conclusion in other words. He says that a specific type of molecular structure may be the basis of growth, the mechanism of reproduction of viruses and genes, the action of enzymes, the mechanism of the physiological activity of drugs, hormones, and vitamins, and the structure and action of nerve and brain tissue. To these activities of tissues determined by molecular structure, we may add muscular action (55,75), protoplasmic streaming (51,82), and certain metabolic activities of the cell (71) and the body as a whole (75). 

ImmunO lSS iy. Chemiluminescence compounds (eg, acridinium esters and sulfonamides, isoluminol), luciferases (eg, firefly, marine bacterial, Benilla and Varela luciferase), photoproteins (eg, aequorin, Benilld), and components of bioluminescence reactions have been tested as replacements for radioactive labels in both competitive and sandwich-type immunoassays. Acridinium ester labels are used extensively in routine clinical immunoassay analysis designed to detect a wide range of hormones, cancer markers, specific antibodies, specific proteins, and therapeutic dmgs. An acridinium ester label produces a flash of light when it reacts with an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide. The detection limit for the label is 0.5 amol. 

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