Honnones

Brunft, /. oestrus, estrus, heat, -honnon, n. (o)estrual hormone. 

Sherratt, H.S.A. (1981). Inhibition of gluconeogenesis by non-honnonal hypoglycaemic compounds. In Shott-Tenn Regulation of Liver Metabolism (Hue. L. Van de Werve, G.. eds.), pp. 119-227, Elsevier/North Holland Biochemical Press, Amsterdam. 

Luteinizing honnone is critical to male fertility because it stimulates testicular Leydig cells to produce the testosterone that maintains secondary male sex characteristics. The LH receptor mediates these functions by activating adenylyl cyclase via (90). 

Thyroid honnone-producing gland inthe throat. 

Exerts pharmacological actions similar to the honnone somatostatin including ... 

Adolf F. J. Butenandt and L. Ruzicka Chemistry Isolation and study of sex honnones, study of polymethylenes, terpenes... 

Sex hormones, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are discussed in greater detail in the section on honnones, in the Infirmary,... 

Taira M, Hodcman SC, Calvo JC, Taira M, Bdfrage P, Manganidlo VC. Molecular doling of the rat adqNMTte honnone-sensitive cyclic GMP-inhibited cydic nudeotide phosphodiesterase. J Biol Chem 1993 268 18573-18579. 

Figure 2.1 shows the decrease in gall bladder volume when the dog was fed com oil or fed com oil and infused with the anli-CCK antibt>dy. The dog was fed com oil to provoke an increase in plasma CCK, but the antibody prevented the effect of the hormone, that is, prevented contraction of the gall bladder. This result strongly implicates CCK asa honnone that provokes the release of bile salts during feeding. An antibody used in this way is a powerful tool for proving that one specific hormone has a specific effect in the body. 

The normal basal concentration of glucagon in the bloodstream is about 30 pM that of insulin is about 100 pM. The normal basal concentration of plasma glucose is about 5 mM, 50 million times greater than the concentrations of the honnones. An appreciation of metabolite quantities is needed to understand data acquired in the research and clinical settings. 

Maximal expression of the nuclear effects of the vitamin requires an hour or so after exposure of the cell to l,25-(OH)2D.3. T he l,25-(OH)2Dj entering the cell bind.s to VDR to form a hormone/receptor complex. The hormone/receptor complex binds to small stretches of DNA called hormone response elements and provokes a change in the rate of transcription of a nearby gene. The term "nearby" means that the honnone response element and the gene may be separated from each other by a stretch of from 20 to 1000 rudeotides away from each other. Further details on the nuclear action of vitamin D occur in the section entitled Vitamin A, Vitamin D, and Thyroid Honnone at the Genome. 

Honnons bfcK>igpiolBln itiBelon oomptax RNA V. polynwrass y ... 

Brueggciiieier. R. Male sex honnones and unulogs. In WoliT. M L (ed.). Burger s Minlicinnl Chemistry und Drug Discovery, vnl. 3.5 b ed. New York. John Wiley Sons, 19%, pp, 445-510. 

Neuniicnsin is a 13-amino-acid peptide, nrsi Lsolaled from bovine hypothalamus, ll has now been identified in Ihc intestinal tract. The ileal muco.sa contains 90 % of the total neurotensin of ihe body. It is implicated as a releasing factor for several adenohypophyscal honnones. ll cairscs vasodilatation. increa.ses va.scular penneabilily. and increases ga.sirin secretion. It decreases. secretion of gastric acid and secretin. 

Peptide and Ptx>tein Honnones, Peptide Neurotransmitters, and Therapeutic Agents... 

N2. Neill, J. D., Johansson, E. D. B., Datta, J. K., and Knobil, E., Belationship between the plasma levels of luteinizing honnone and progesterone during the normal menstrual cycle. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 27, 1167-1173 (1967). 

Human GH is a single chain polypeptide composed of 191 amino acid residues cross-linked by two disulfide bridges between cysteine residues at 58 and 165 and 182, and 189, respectively (Figure 3). Reduction of both disulfide bridges and alkylation with iodoacetamide yields the tetra-S-carbamidomethylated hGH which retains full biological activity in animals and humans, and its secondary and tertiary structure are indistinguishable from the structure of the intact honnone (40). 

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