Honey chromatography

The application of linear discriminant analysis of the 16 amino acids foimd in Spanish honeys established both botanical and geographical differences (Perez Arquillue and Herrera Marteache, 1987). Gas chromatography (GC) analyses of free amino acids showed obvious differences when honey samples from the UK, Argentina, Australia, and Canada were compared (Gilbert et al., 1981). Pawlowska and Armstrong (1994)... 

Berahia, T., Cerrato, C., Sabatier, S., and Amiot, M. J. (1993). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids in honey. Sci. Aliments 13,15-24. 

Bianchi, F., Careri, M., and Musci, M. (2005). Volatile norisoprenoids as markers of botanical origin of Sardinian strawberry-tree (Arbutus unedo L.) honey Characterisation of aroma compounds by dynamic headspace extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Chem. 89,527-532. 

Cotte, J. F., Casabianca, H., Giroud, B., Albert, M., Lheritier, J., and Grenier-Loustalot, M. F. (2004). Characterization of honey amino acid profiles using high-pressure liquid chromatography to control authenticity. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 378, 1342-1350. 

Ferreres, F., Blazquez, M. A., Gil, M. L, and Tomas-Barberan, F. A. (1994a). Separation of honey flavonoids by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. /. Chromatogr. A 669, 268-274. 

Inoue, K., Murayama, S., Seshimo, F., Takeba, K., Yoshimura, Y., and Nakazawa, H. (2005). Identification of phenolic compound in manuka honey as specific superoxide anion radical scavenger using electron spin resonance (ESR) and liquid chromatography with coulometric array detection. /. Sci. Food Agric. 85, 872-878. 

Jorg, E. and Sontag, G. (1993). Multichannel coulometric detection coupled with liquid chromatography for determination of phenolic esters in honey. /. Chromatogr. A 635, 137-142. 

Pirini, A. and Conte, L. S. (1992). Capillary gas chromatography determination of free amino acids in honey as a mean of discrimination between different botanical sources. /. Fdigh Res. Chromatogr. 15,165-170. 

Shimoda, M., Wu, Y., and Osajima, Y. (1996). Aroma compounds from aqueous solution of haze (Rhus succedanea) honey determined by adsorptive column chromatography. /. Agric. Food Chem. 44, 3913-3918. 

Soria, A. C., Martmez-Castro, I., and Sanz, J. (2003). Analysis of volatile composition of honey by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. /. Sep. Sci. 26, 793-801. 

Suarez-Luque, S., Mato, 1., Huidobro, J. F., Simal-Lozano, J., and Sancho, M. T. (2002a). Rapid determination of minority organic acids in honey by high performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 955, 207-214. 

Swallow, K. W. and Low, N. H. (1994). Determination of honey authenticity by anion-exchange liquid chromatography. /. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem. 77, 695-702. 

A variety of analytical techniques are used to measure PCP, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which has a detection limit of 7.6 pg/kg honey (Muino and Taiza.no 1991), liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (de Ruiter et al. 1990), and liquid chromatography-electrochemistry (LC-ED) procedures (Butler and Pont 1992). At present, GC-MS is the most accurate, but LC-ED is used most frequently (Butler and Pont 1992). 

Argauer, R. J., Shimanuki, H., and Knox, D. A. 1982. Determination of Sulfathiazole in Honey from Medicated Honey Bee Colonies by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography on a Cyano-Amino Polar Phase. Environmental Entomology 11 820-23. 

Takeba, K., Kanzaki, M., Murakami, F., Matsumoto, M. 1984. Simplified analytical method for tetracycline residues in honey by high performance liquid chromatography. Kenkyu Nenpo -Tokyo-toritsu Eisei Kenkyusho. 35 187-91. 

In analyses of honey, the wide range of oligosaccharides encountered has been separated by gas-liquid chromatography.314,315 Similar mixtures, including a series of fructoglucans, have been isolated from onion bulbs.322... 

In recent years, it has become fashionable to determine the composition of honey, and in the current literature are many reports dealing with the compositional aspects of honey from various parts of the world.65-73 It is, however, regrettable that application of paper chromatography, which has played an outstanding role in the development of carbohydrate chemistry, has not yet been fully explored in... 

The use of thin-layer chromatography for the determination of sugars in honey has been proposed,77 and the potential value of gas-... 

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