High-repetition lasers

The use of high-repetition lasers has facilitated its coupling to analyzers other than TOFs, and has also driven the real-time analysis of three or more samples... 

Fig. 2,6 New experimental set-up for HD-OKE spectroscopy with high repetition laser source and real-time data acquisition...

Dadap J I, Hu X F, Russell N M, Ekerdt J G, Lowell J Kand Downer M C 1995 Analysis of second-harmonic generation by unamplified, high-repetition-rate, ultrashort laser pulses at Si(OOI) interfaces/ J. Selected Topics Quantum Electron 1 1145-55... 

MPI is especially valuable for elemental analyses with typical useful yield of 10 . Because SALI is laser-based, expected improvements over the next few years, in particular for vacuum-ultraviolet laser technology, should have a significant impact. High repetition rate Nd—YAG systems with sufficient pulse energy are already available to 50 Hz, and probably can be extended to a few hundred Hz. 

It should be noted that the high repetition rate ( 80MHz) laser may give a large deviation of nonlinear parameters from the expected values since the thermal effect may be superimposed on the Z-scan signals [16]. 

When high repetition rate pulsed laser (40-80 MHz) are employed, the fluorescence decay can be resolved over the 12-25 ns... 

The ability of fluorescence to provide temporal information is of major importance. Great progress has been made since the first determination of an excited-state lifetime by Gaviola in 1926 using a phase fluorometer. A time resolution of a few tens of picosecond can easily be achieved in both pulse and phase fluorometries by using high repetition rate picosecond lasers and microchannel plate photo-... 

As shown in Section 11.2.1.1, more details can be obtained by confocal fluorescence microscopy than by conventional fluorescence microscopy. In principle, the extension of conventional FLIM to confocal FLIM using either time- or frequency-domain methods is possible. However, the time-domain method based on singlephoton timing requires expensive lasers with high repetition rates to acquire an image in a reasonable time, because each pixel requires many photon events to generate a decay curve. In contrast, the frequency-domain method using an inexpensive CW laser coupled with an acoustooptic modulator is well suited to confocal FLIM. 

B. Agate, A.J. Kemp, C.T.A. Brown, and W. Sibbett, Efficient, high repetition-rate femtosecond blue source using a compact Cr LiSAF laser. Optics Express 10(16), 824-831 (2002). 

For the second task second harmonic generation by quartz has been proposed. The first procedure is to determine the relative intensity of SH compared with etalon, where the ratio of SH intensities is used for sorting. In the second procedure the laser source is working with a very high repetition rate and the number of pulses with SH intensity above a certain level is used as the separation criterion. Sorting using non-linear optics may be very effective, because... 

To observe the transient spatiotemporal structure of the WP interference, we have performed the fs pump-fs probe experiment [37], The sample gas was prepared by molecular jet expansion of the mixture of iodine vapor and Ar buffer gas into a vacuum chamber. A continuous gas jet is preferable when we use a high-repetition-rate laser system. The estimated vibrational temperature was 170K[37]. 

The use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) for tropospheric HO and H02 measurements was reported by Hard and co-workers (108-110), who developed a fluorescence technique based on pumping the air sample into a low-pressure cell (FAGE) and exciting it with a copper vapor laser-pumped dye laser with a high repetition rate. Their H02 measurements were not made in conjunction with enough other supporting measurements to allow an accurate test of photochemical models from the results. 

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