High-performance liquid chromatography electrochemical cells

Fig. 1 Chromatograms of a standard solution of monoamine transmitters and their metabolites at (A) a poly(para-aminobenzoic acid) modified electrode and (B) a bare glassy carbon electrode. (1) Norepinephrine, (2) epinephrine, (3) dopamine, (4) 3,4-dihydroxyphenol acetic acid, (5) serotonin, (6) 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, and (7) homovanillic acid. Source From Study on the effect of electromagnetic impulse on neurotransmitter metabolism in nerve cells by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection coupled with microdialysis, in Anal. Biochem. ...

Moncrieff J (1990) Simultaneous determination of sparteine and its 2-dehydro and 5-dehydro metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr 529 194-200 Morris P, Scragg AH, Smart NJ, Stafford A (1985) In Dixon RA (ed) Plant cell culture ... 

K.M. Sagar, M.T. Kelly and M.R. Smyth, Analysis of terbutaline in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using a micro-electrochemical flow cell, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 577, 109-116. 

R. Zhou, M. Frostvik-Stolt and E. Liliemark, Determination of etoposide in human plasma and leukemic cells by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, J. Chromatogr. B, 2001, 757, 135-141. 

S. Chamart, M. Hanocq, M. Helson, N. Devleeschouwer and G. Leclercq, Determination of 2-methyl derivatives of tamoxifen in cell culture medium using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 496, 365-375. 

Varney and Preston [42] discussed the measiuement of trace aromatic amines in estuary and sea water using high performance liquid chromatography. Aniline, methyl aniline, 1-naphthylamine and diphenylamine at trace levels were determined using this technique and electrochemical detection. Two electrochemical detectors (a thin layer, dual glassy carbon electrode cell and a dual porous electrode system) were compared. The electrochemical behaviour of the compounds was investigated using hydrodynamic and cyclic voltammetry. Detection limits of 15 and 1.5nM... 

HPLC, high performance (or pressure) liquid chromatography, is particularly suited for small water-soluble molecules and proteins. Most used for analysis of DNA fragments is the reverse phase HPLC. Detection with electrochemical detectors are preferred. There are many different brands of ECD detectors and electrodes/cells. In our laboratory we have found that the ESA Coulochem is working excellent for our purposes and provides excellent sensitivity. Similar experience with other detectors can be found. We have found that for HPLC-ECD analysis of urine, separation is critical due to electrochemically active peaks eluting close to that of 8-oxodG. Ways to detect a false peak is given in details elsewhere [3]. 

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