High-performance hquid method development

Chromatographic Method. Progress in the development of chromatographic techniques (55), especially, in high performance Hquid chromatography, or hplc, is remarkable (56). Today, chiral separations are mainly carried out by three hplc methods chiral hplc columns, achiral hplc columns together with chiral mobile phases, and derivatization with optical reagents and separation on achiral columns. All three methods are usehil but none provides universal appHcation. 

The successful separation of xanthate-related compounds by high performance Hquid chromatography (hplc) methods has been reported (91—93). The thin-layer chromatography procedure has been used to determine the nature of the alcohols in a xanthate mixture. A short mn of 3 cm at a development time of 25 min gives a complete separation of C —alkanol xanthates (94). 

A high performance Hquid chromotography (hplc) method to determine citric acid and other organic acids has been developed (46). The method is an isocratic system using sulfuric acid to elute organic acids onto a specific hplc column. The method is sensitive for citric acid down to ppm levels and is capable of quantifying citric acid in clear aqueous systems. 

Lue, B.M., Guo, Z., and Xu, X. High-performance hquid chromatography analysis methods developed for quantifying enzymatic esterification of flavonoids in ionic liquids./. Chromatogr. A. 2008, 1198-1199 107-114. 

Jones, A.E., Price, K.R., and Fenwick, G.R. 1989. Development and apphcation of a high-performance hquid chromatographic method for the analysis of phytoestrogens. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 46(3) 357-364. 

Another successful project (coordinated by the University of Plymouth, Department of Environmental Sciences, United Kingdom) was aimed at developing a novel methodology for the determination of organotins employing isotope dilution high performance hquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-HPLC-ICP-MS) [100]. The parameters for isotope dilution analysis have been studied and optimized and isotopically enriched Sn has been prepared for this purpose. The method was successfully used for the certification of TBT in CRMs 462 and 477. 

The determination of iodine in seawater helps in understanding the marine environment. A variety of analytical methods have been proposed for the quantitative determination of iodine in seawater. This chapter discusses the methods employed for the separation and determination of iodine in seawater. These methods include capillary electrophoresis (CE), ion chromatography (IC), high-performance hquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), spectrophotometry, ion-selective electrode, polar-ography, voltammetry, atomic emission spectrometry (AES), and neutron activation analysis (NAA). The advantages and hmitations of these methods are also assessed and discussed. Since iodine is present in the ocean at trace levels and the matrices of seawater are complex, especially in estuarine and coastal waters, the methods developed for the... 

Dolan, J.W. Snyder, L.R. Djordjevic, N.M. Hill, D.W. Saunders, D.L. Van-Heukelem, L. Waeghe, T.J. Simultaneous variation of temperature and gradient steepness for reversed-phase high-performance hquid chromatography method development. I. Apphcation to 14 different samples using computer simulation. J. Chromatogr. A, 1998,803 (1 2), 1 31. 

Gagliardi, L. De Orsi, D. Del Giudice, M.R. Gatta, F. Porr i, R. Chimenti, P. ToneUi, D. Development of a tandem thin-layer chromatography-high-performance hquid chromatography method for the identification and determination of corticosteroids in cosmetic products, Anal.Chim.Acta, 2002, 457, 187-198. 

Vasselle, B. Gousset, G. Bounine, J.-P. Development and validation of a high-performance hquid chromatographic stability-indicating method for the analysis of Synercid in quality control, stability and compatibility studies, J.Pharm.BiomedAnal., 1999,19, 641-657. 

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