Hibernation Adaptation

Heusch G, Schulz R. Myocardial hibernation adaptation to ischaemia. Eur Heart J... 

An interesting possibihty, never investigated, is that the bear possesses the ability to synthesise both dispensable and non-dispensable amino acids de novo, from the ammonia released by the microorganisms. As far as is known, no mammal possesses the enzymes necessary to synthesise the indispensable amino acids. It would be interesting if another adaptation to such a long hibernation is development of enzymes necessary to synthesise indispensable amino acids. This possibility is supported by the... 

Elsasser A, Schlepper M, Klovekorn WP, Cai WJ, Zimmermann R, Muller KD, et al. Hibernating myocardium An incomplete adaptation to ischemia. Circulation 1997 96 2920-2931. 

Storey, K.B., and J.M. Storey (1990). Metabolic rate depression and biochemical adaptation in anaero-biosis, hibernation, and estivation. Q. Rev. Biol. 65 145-193. 

Frank, C.L. (1991). Adaptation for hibernation in the depot fats of a ground squirrel (Spermophilus beldingi). Can. J. Zool. 69 2702-2711. 

Viability and Programmed Cell Survival. Perhaps the most dramatic example of chronic metabolic adaptation is the hibernating myocardium. Hibernating myocardium represents a chronically dysfunctional myocardium most likely the result of extensive... 

Myocardial hibernation is an adaptation caused by chronic or intermittent reduction in coronary flow characterized as reduced regional contractile function that recovers after removal of the artery stenosis. A subacute downregulation of contractile function in response to reduced regional myocardial blood flow can occur, which normalizes regional energy and substrate metabolism but does not persist more than 12-24 h. Chronic hibernation develops in response to episodes of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, progressing from repetitive stunning with normal blood flow to hibernation with reduced blood flow, reviewed by Heusch.80... 

J.M. Canty, G. Suzuki Jr, M.D. Banas, F. Verheyen, M. Borgers J.A. Fallavollita, Hibernating myocardium chronically adapted to ischemia but vulnerable to sudden death, Circ. Res. 94,507-516 (2004). 

Storey, K. B. Storey, J. M. (1989). Facultative metabolic rate depression molecular regulation and biochemical adaptation in anaerobiosis, hibernation, and estivation. Quart. Re v. Biol. 56,145-174. 

It is not known whether such natural cryoprotectants occur widely distributed among animal species. However, a relevant experiment was conducted with brain slices, from warm-adapted and hibernating hamsters, before and after freezing (92). Tissue slices from the hibernating hamster exhibited higher than normal oxygen consumption rates after freezing. This result did not occur with slices from the warm-adapted... 

The significance of mercury concentrations in amphibian tissues is not Imown with certainty and requires additional research for satisfactory risk assessment. The following areas are recommended for study acclimatization and adaptation to mercury mercury remobilization during periods of metamorphosis, hibernation, estivation, and reproduction critical organ concentrations and biomarkers of adverse mercury effects. These studies should also consider the influence of exposure duration and dose, mercury speciation, and mercury interaction with other metals. 

The vast amount of variation of BU and the adaptability of BU ensures that there will be a BU to thrive in all but the most harsh environments. Even there, BU may take forms such as spores, seeds, or hibernation to survive the worst conditions imaginable until these conditions ameliorate and growth can again take place. There is hardly a place that does not contain BU in some form (see also Sections 3.4, 6.5, 6.15, and 6.21). 

A data model describing the concepts it worked with, implemented as a persistence layer using Spring Roo [14] and Hibernate [15], The data model is an adaptation of the ISA-95... 

Aleksiuk, M., 1976, Reptilian hibernation Evidence of adaptive strategies in Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis, Copeia, 1976 170. 

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