Hexadecenyl acetate

Analysis of the pheromone-gland extracts of the female brinjal fruit and shoot hot L,LeucinodesorbonalisGucncc (Lepidoptera Pyralidae Pyrausti-nae), of Indian and Taiwanese origin confirmed (A)- 1-hexadecenyl acetate... 

Simultaneous GC-EAD analyses of the extracts of the sex pheromone gland of the female bronzed cutworm, Nephelodes minians, indicated two compounds which eficited strong EAD responses from conspecific male antennae, (2 )-ll-hexadecenal and (2 )-ll-hexadecenyl acetate. Double bond positions were confirmed by the dimethyl disulfide derivatives of the pheromone component. In a field test, a 5 1 blend of aldehyde and ester attracted male N. minians. ... 

The female sex pheromone of the cranberry blossom worm, Epiglaea apiata Grote (Lepidoptera Noctuidae), was identified as a blend of Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z )-9-tetradecenyl acetate, and tetradeceyl acetate. They were present in the ratio of 65 2 33 respectively in the female pheromone gland. 

Five candidate pheromone components were identified from pheromone gland extracts of the tomato fruit borer, Neoleucinodes elegan-(Lepidoptera Crambidae) (T )-ll-hexadecenol, (Z )-l 1-hexadecenol, (A)-l 1-hexadecenal, ( )- 1-hexadecenyl acetate and Z5,Z6,Z9) tricosatriene. A two-component blend of synthetic ( )- 1- hexadecenol and the hydrocarbon was observed to be the most effective. 

Fig. 4.7. Volatiles identified from the bolas spider Mastophora cornigera and Mastophora hutchinsoni (15-19) and the pheromone components of Tetano-lita myenesalis (20, 21). 15, (Z)-9-Tetradecenal 16, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate 17, (Z)-ll-hexadecenal 18, (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate 19, (9Z,12F)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate 20, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-henicosatriene 21, (3Z,9Z)-(6S, 1R) ...

The Grpl and Grp2 PBPs have been identified in two closely related noctuid species, Agrotis ipsilon and A. segetum, whose females emit pheromone blends that consist of three main components and minor components that vary locally. The major pheromone component of A. ipsilon is (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate (Zll-16 Ac), while the major pheromone component in A. segetum is (Z)-5-... 

The apple fruit moth, Argyresthia conjugella, is an invasive pest that bores into immature apples and eats them from within. One of its sex pheromones is (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, which is used commercially to attract and trap the adult insects. Insect attractants are important chemicals for use in "organic" farming, because sticky insect traps baited with pheromones are allowed for insect control underthe "organic" farming rules. 

Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata PluieUa xytosteila (Z)-3-Hexenyl Acetate, (E)-2-Hexenal. (Z)-3-Hcxcnol (Z)-l 1 -hcxadcccnal, (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-11 -hexadecenol 1223]... 

The major component of the sex pheromone of the cabbage army worm, Mamestra brassicae, was determined independently by Bestmann et al. (1978) and Nedopjekina et al. (1978) as (2T)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate (5). 

Mihou, A.P. Michaelakis, A. Krokos, F.D. Majomenos, B.E. Couladouros, E.A. Prolonged slow release of (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate employing polyuria microcapsules. Journal of Applied Entomology 131(2), 128-133, 2007. 

Y. virgintipunctatus was analyzed (458). The species were found to share 11-Z-tetradecenyl acetate (49) in combination with varying proportions of the E isomer as the primary components. T. cagnagellus differs by having a small amount of E isomer, Y.padellus also produces 11-Z-hexadecenyl acetate (121) while this substance appeared to reduce trap catches of Y. evonymellus and Y. virgintipunctatus when added to the pheromone blend. 

The sex attractant produced by the female clover cutworm, Scoto-gramma trifolii, is a mixture of (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate and (Z)-ll-hexadecenol 288). A mixture of these two compounds containing about 10% Zll-16 OH has proved to be most attractive 289, 290) while 20—25% Z11-16 OH decreases the catch of males appreciably 290). Adult males of the glassy cutworm, Crymodes devastator, are attracted by traps baited with equal parts of (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-ll-hexadecenal and (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate 291). No other species were trapped by this mixture. The addition of small quantities of either (Z)-11-hexadecenol or (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate completely inhibited attrac-tancy in the field. As a result of field tests, Underhill et al. 292) have recently found that alkenals may be as important in lepidopteran sex attractants as the acetates and alcohols. 

The sex pheromone components of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, a pest of cruciferous crops, has been identified as (Z)-ll-hexadecenal and (Z)-l 1-hexadecenyl acetate (293). More recent data show that (Z)-ll-hexadecenol is a synergist of these two compounds in field trapping experiments 294). 

Tamaki, Y., K. Kawasaki, H. Yamada, T. Koshihara, N. Osaki, T. Ando, S. Yoshida, and H. Kakinohana (Z)-ll-Hexadecenal and (Z)-ll-hexadecenyl acetate sex-pheromone components of the diamond back moth (Lepidoptera Plu-tellidae). Appl. Ent. Zool. 12,208—210 (1977). 

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