1.3- Hexachlorobutadiene

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Toxicological Profile for Hexachlorobenzene. pp 1-352. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 2002 

Anon Hexachlorobenzene. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Report 9 99-101, 1989 

Wada O et ah Behavior of hepatic microsomal cytochromes after treatment of mice with drugs known to disturb porphyrin metabolism in liver. Biochem Pharmacol 17 595-603, 1968 

Andrews JE et al Hexachlorobenzene-induced hyper-parathyroidism and osteosclerosis in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 12 242-251, 1989 

Bouthillier L, Greselin E, Brodeur J, et al Male rat specific nephrotoxicity resulting from subchronic administration of hexachlorobenzene. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 110 315-326, 1991 

Toxicity high via oral and inhalation routes.2 TLV-TWA 0.02 ppm (0.21 mg/m3) (skin).3 

Place in a separate container labeled for disposal by burning. Dissolve or mix with a combustible solvent and burn in a furnace equipped with afterburner and scrubber.4 

colorless, mobile liquid with spicy odor mp, 7°C bp, 235°C.  

Miscible with water.2 Soluble in ethanol and ether.3 

An experimental carcinogen by inhalation. Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.4 LD50 (oral, male and female rat) 2650, 3360 mg/kg.1 No TLV.2 

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ALKALI AND Cm ORINE PRODUCTS - Cm ORINE AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE] (Vol 1) Hexachlorobutadiene [87-68-3]... 

Chlorination of Hydrocarbons or Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. Chlorination at pyrolytic temperatures is often referred to as chlorinolysis because it involves a simultaneous breakdown of the organics and chlorination of the molecular fragments. A number of processes have been described for the production of carbon tetrachloride by the chlorinolysis of various hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydrocarbon waste streams (22—24), but most hterature reports the use of methane as the primary feed. The quantity of carbon tetrachloride produced depends somewhat on the nature of the hydrocarbon starting material but more on the conditions of chlorination. The principal by-product is perchloroethylene with small amounts of hexachloroethane, hexachlorobutadiene, and hexachloroben2ene. In the Hbls process, a 5 1 mixture by volume of chlorine and methane reacts at 650°C the temperature is maintained by control of the gas flow rate. A heat exchanger cools the exit gas to 450°C, and more methane is added to the gas stream in a second reactor. The use of a fluidi2ed-bed-type reactor is known (25,26). Carbon can be chlorinated to carbon tetrachloride in a fluidi2ed bed (27). 

Hexachloroethane is formed in minor amounts in many industrial chlorination processes designed to produce lower chlorinated hydrocarbons, usually via a sequential chlorination step. Chlorination of tetrachloroethylene, in the presence of ferric chloride, at 100—140°C is one convenient method of preparing hexachloroethane (142). Oxychlorination of tetrachloroethylene, using a copper chloride catalyst (143) has also been used. Photochemical chlorination of tetrachloroethylene under pressure and below 60°C has been studied (144) and patented as a method of producing hexachloroethane (145), as has recovery of hexachloroethane from a mixture of other perchlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives via crystalH2ation in carbon tetrachloride. Chlorination of hexachlorobutadiene has also been used to produce hexachloroethane (146). 

Halogenared aliphatic hydrocarbons Bromobenzene C arbondichloride Chlorofluoroethene Dibromoerhane Hexachlorobutadiene Trifiuoroethene Bromodichloromethane C hloroform... 

HERBAZIN 500 BR , siniazine, 74 HERBI D-480 , 2,4-D, 74 HERBIMIX SC , atraziiie + semazine, 74 HERBIPAK 500 BR , ametryn, 74 HERBITRIN 500 BR , atraziiie, 74 HERBOXONE , 2,4-D, 74 HERBURON 500 BR , diui-on, 74 Hercules Eic., 232 Herdillia Chemicals Ltd., 172 Heterene Iiic., 232 Hexachlorobenzene, 74 Hexachlorobutadiene, 74 Hexachlorocyclohexanes, 74 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene, 74 Hexachloroethane, 75 Hexachloronaphthalene, 75 Hexachlorophene, 75 Hexafluoroacetone, 75 Hexafluoroethane, 75 Hexaniethylenedianiine, 75 Hexaniethylene diisocyanate, 75 Hexaniethylphosphoric trianiide, 75 n-Hexane, 75 Hexanol, 75 Hexazinone, 75 1-Hexene, 75... 

C2h isomer (8) is less well characterized but is said to result from the reaction of hexachlorobutadiene, CCI2 =CC1—CCl=CCl2, with polysulfide anions. The treatment of S2CI2 with [NBu4]2[Zn(o -C3S5)2] yields a mixture of C3Sg and C6S12 which can be separated by fractional crystallization from CS2 ... 

Dekant W, Vamvakas S, Berthold K, et al. 1986c. Bacterial P-lyase mediated cleavage and mutagenicity of cysteine conjugates derived from the nephrocarcinogenic alkenes trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and hexachlorobutadiene. Chem Biol Interact 60 31-45. 

IR Spectra were measured by a combination of KBr disk and hexachlorobutadiene mull methods. 

Heptanone, see Ethyl butyl ketone Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorocydohexane, see Lindane SK 0.02w 0.21w - -... 

In the low energy region the measurements of Alien et al. went down only to 4 kK. but hexachlorobutadiene mull data indicated the presence of a further band at 3.0—3.4 kK.. This and the 5.6 kK. band were therefore readily identified as transitions within the spin-orbit split ground state manifold — the 3 kK. absorption as 3Tig (A) - 3i g (A) and the 5.6 kK. peak as 3Tlg (A) -+3T g (A, A). Allen et al. were unable to resolve the broad band at 30 kK. but it may be noted that six formally... 

In another AT study, Terrado et al. [15] characterised pollution patterns in different parts of the Ebro catchment. In the upper part of the Ebro, pollution was found to be mainly in the form of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd and Hg), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and trichlorobenzenes (TCBs). Etrophic conditions were also found. Pollution was found to source mainly from industry and urbanisation. The central Ebro was characterised by nutrient pollution such as the accumulation of Ca, Na, Mg and K, which highlighted the importance of salinisation effects from intensive irrigation and soils with high salt content. In the lower Ebro, organic [DDTs, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorobutadiene (HCBu)] and heavy metal (Hg, Cd, Zn and As) contamination was found to derive mainly from industrial and agricultural activities. 

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