Hexa- prefix

Stoichiometric Proportions. The stoichiometric proportions of the constituents in a formula may be denoted by Greek numerical prefixes mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona- (Latin), deca-, undeca- (Latin), dodeca-,. . . , icosa- (20), henicosa- (21),. . . , tri-conta-(30), tetraconta-(40),. . . , hecta-(100), and so on, preceding without a hyphen the names of the elements to which they refer. The prefix mono can usually be omitted occasionally hemi-(1/2) and sesqui- (%) are used. No elisions are made when using numerical prefixes except in the case of icosa- when the letter i is elided in docosa- and tricosa-. Beyond 10, prefixes may be replaced by Arabic numerals. 

When the prefixes tetra, penta, hexa,. .. are followed by the letter o, the a is often dropped. For example, N2Os is often referred to as dinitrogen pentoxide. 

Cyclic oligosaccharides composed of a single type of oligosaccharide unit may be named semisystematically by citing the prefix cyclo , followed by terms indicating the type of linkage [e.g. malto for a-(l—>4)-linked glucose units], the number of units (e.g. hexa for six) and the termination -ose . The trivial names a-cyclodex-trin (a-CD) for cyclomaltohexaose, (i-cyclodextrin ((i-CD) for cyclomaltoheptaose and y-cyclodextrin (y-CD) for cyclomaltooctaose are well established. 

In the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, the cation is [Co(NH3)6]3+, and it is named first. The coordinated ammonia molecules are named as ammine, with the number of them being indicated by the prefix hexa. Therefore, the name for the compound is hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride. There are no spaces in the name of the cation. [Co(NH3)5C1]C12 has five NH3 molecules and one CN coordinated to Co3+. Following the rules just listed leads to the name pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride. Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is K3[Fe(CN)6j. Reinecke s salt, NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2], would be named as ammonium diamminetetrathiocyanatochro mate (III). In Magnus s green salt, [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl4], both cation and anion are complexes. The name of the complex is tetraammineplatinum(II) tetrachloroplatinate(II). The compound [Co(en)3](N03)3 is named as tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) nitrate. 

However, higher members of the series are named systematically by combining the ending -ane, characteristic of the first four members and implying complete saturation, with a multiplicative prefix of the series penta-, hexa-, etc. of Table 4.2, which indicates the number of carbon atoms constituting the chain. The letter a , which ends the name of the multiplicative prefix, is elided. 

Numbers of ligands are indicated by Greek prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona- (ennea-), deca-, etc. If, however, the names of the ligands themselves already contain these prefixes (e.g., diethyl-enefnamine), the ligand name is placed in parentheses and the prefix outside becomes bis-, tris-, tetrakis-, pentakis-, hexakis-, etc. 

With this limitation in mind, one should consider the possibility of applying -ium and -ylium suffixes to ordinary replacement names (instead of using -onia- prefixes) this sort of treatment could be very useful in certain cases (see, for example, Section iii), and may prove to be the method of choice for naming cations if the use of replacement nomenclature becomes more widely accepted. By this method, 100 could be named 4aA5-4a-azanaphthalen-4a-ylium 99, 8ai/-4a-azanaphthalen-4a-ium and 103, azabenzen-1 (4f/)-ylium or azacyclo-hexa-2,5-dien-1 -ylium. 

Indicate how many of each element is present with a prefix multiplier (mono = 1 di = 2 tri = 3 tetra = 4 penta = 5 hexa = 6 hepta = 7 octa = 8)... 

The IUPAC-IUBMB short form symbolism18 2-Carb-38.5 is used here and elsewhere in this chapter for designation of oligosaccharide structures. Parent monosaccharide residues are the d enantiomers except for IdoA, which is the l enantiomer. Uronic acid residues modified by 44-unsaturation are prefixed by A4tS, and the associated anomeric symbol relates to the configuration at the 5-position of that residue before 4,5-elimination. The abbreviation HexA is used to denote either d-G1cA or L-IdoA. 

Prefix mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca-... 

The prefix hexa- represents the six cyanide ligands, the anion appears before the cation, and the Roman numeral (II) in parentheses indicates the 2+ charge on the iron ion. 

Table C Metric Multipliers tera, peta, exa come from tetra, penta, hexa with one letter removed zetta, yotta come from zeta, iota, with one letter added atto comes from Danish "atten" for 18 zepto comes from Latin "septem" or Greek "hepta" (1000 7) and yocto comes from Greek "octo" (1000-8) with one prefix letter added...

Nearly all binary molecular compormds involve two nonmetals bonded together. Although many nonmetals can exhibit different oxidation numbers, their oxidation numbers are not properly indicated by Roman numerals or suffixes. Instead, elemental proportions in binary covalent compounds are indicated by using a prefix system for both elements. The Greek and Latin prefixes for one through ten are mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, and deca. The prefix mono- is omitted for both elements except in the common name for CO, carbon monoxide. We use the minimum number of prefixes needed to name a compound unambiguously. The final a in a prefix is omitted when the nonmetal stem begins with the letter o we write heptoxide, not heptaoxide. ... 

To write the formula of a molecular compormd for which you are given the name, first write the symbols of each element in the order given in the name. Then add the appropriate subscript after each element that has two or more atoms present. Remember that the prefixes in the name teU how many atoms of each element are present. For example, the compound sulfur hexafluoride contains the elements sulfur and fluorine. Because the word sulfur has no prefix, it is understood that there is only one sulfur atom thus, the symbol S does not require a subscript. The prefix hexa tells you that six fluorine atoms are in the compound, so the subscript 6 must be added to the F. The formula for sulfur hexafluoride is SFg. Follow the rules for writing a formula for a molecular compound as you examine the formula shown in Figure 5.17. 

The number of ligands of a given type is given by a Greek prefix, like mono- (often omitted), di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-. 

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