Larvae herring

Figure 3. HPLC profile of extracts of 3H-naphthalene-exposed herring larvae...

As the temperature falls, the number, volume and enzymatic capacity of mitochondria in the muscle tissues of fish increase (Jankowski and Korn, 1965 Wodtke, 1974 Johnston and Maitland, 1980 Dunn, 1988) the sizes of liver cells and their nuclei also decrease (Campbell and Davis, 1978), while the number of muscle cytochromes increases (Sidell, 1977 Demin et al, 1989). Johnston and Home (1994) have shown that the proportion of each muscle fibre occupied by mitochondria in herring larvae is greater at lower... 

Blaxter, J.H.S. and Hempel, G. (1966). Yolk utilization by herring larvae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association UK 46,219-234. 

PHL Clupea harengus pallasi (Pacific herring) Larvae Epithelial ATCC CRL-2750... 

Dempsey, C. H., 1978, Chemical stimuli as a factor in feeding and intraspecific behavior of herring larvae, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., UK., 58 739. 

Baltic herring, Clupea harengus, eggs exposed from fertilization through 500, 2000, 6000, or 12,000 Histopathology of epidermis and kidney in larvae at 6000 pg/L and higher no measurable effects at 2000 p/L and lower 53, 54... 

Reproductive impairment seems to be one of the more sensitive indicators of zinc stress in freshwater teleosts, with effects evident in the range 50 to 340 pg Zn/L (Spear 1981). In some cases, reproduction was almost totally inhibited at zinc concentrations that had no effect on survival, growth, or maturation of these same fish (Brungs 1969). Zinc-induced developmental abnormalities were documented in marine teleosts, but concentrations tested were grossly elevated. Eggs of the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus), for example, exposed to >6 mg Zn/L have an altered rate of development and produce deformed larvae with cellular disruptions in the brain, muscle, and epidermis (Somasundaram 1985 Somasundaram et al. 1985). 

Chemical signals associated with egg sites are probably widespread in insects, but we know much less about them than about sex attractants. These egg-site signals guide one of a female insect s critical decisions, her choice of appropriate places to lay her eggs. If larvae are to have a chance to survive, they must hatch into a suitable setting where proper nourishment is available. Not all larvae are as particular about their food as those of French truffle flies (,Suillia humilis and related species), which feed selectively on the... 

A nonchemical factor also influences a sand fly s selection of egg sites She prefers narrow cracks and crevices rather than open surfaces. A gravid sand fly, then, is quite exacting about where she deposits her eggs. She avoids exposed areas and looks for a site that already contains eggs of her own species along with simple organic nutrients. Her concerns seem well placed, for these characteristics promise safety, protection from the elements, and food for newly hatched larvae. 

Recent studies in our laboratories have shown that newly hatched herring (Clupea harengus pal Iasi) larvae exposed to purififed 3H-naphthalene in seawater at concentrations of 10 ppb for 9 hr accumulated a variety of conjugated and non-conjugated metabolites. HPLC analysis indicates the presence of the parent compound as well as three additional compounds whose retention times are consistent with a sulfate, a dihydrodiol, and 1-naphthol (Fig. 3). 

Diatom, Schroederella schroederi Diatom, Skeletonema costatum Dinoflagellate, Glenodinium halli Purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, embryos Sand dollar, Dendraster excentricus Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, embryos Mud crab, Rithropanopeus harrissii, larvae Diet... 

Vieira, V.L.A. and Johnston, I.A. (1992). Influence of temperature on muscle-fibre development in larvae of the herring Clupea harengus. Marine Biology 112, 333-341. 

Fig. 5.3 Correlation between nitrile formation and herbivory by Trichoplusia ni in 96 A. thaliana Col-0 x her recombinant inbred lines, (a) The major quantitative trait loci controlling nitrile formation and T. ni herbivory on chromosome I are virtually identical, (b) Larvae of T. ni feed more on lines that produce nitriles than lines that produce isothiocyanates (n = 56, ro = 0.273, p < 0.001).

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