Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, embryos 23 Development inhibited 50% in 5 days 2... 

Phillips, B.M., B.S. Anderson, and J.W. Hunt. 1998. Spatial and temporal variation in results of purple urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) toxicity tests with zinc. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 453-459. 

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus represents a promising start to the bioinformatic approach for the identification, characterization and functional analysis of particular molecules of the matrix involved in biomineralization. 

Table 10.1 Phase I, II, and III gene diversity in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and humans ... 

Sodergren E et al. (2006) The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Science 314 941-952... 

The aquatic species chosen was Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, the purple sea urchin. This animal is a common resident of the California coast, a frequent pest in commercial kelp culture, and a specialty food item of growing interest. Phylogenetically, these echinoderms are considered to be in the invertebrate class most directly linked to the vertebrates. 

Harris, P., Osborn, M., and Weber, K. (1980) Distribution of tubulin containing structures in the egg of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus from fertilization through first cleavage. J. Cell Biol. 84, 668-679. 

Diatom, Schroederella schroederi Diatom, Skeletonema costatum Dinoflagellate, Glenodinium halli Purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, embryos Sand dollar, Dendraster excentricus Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, embryos Mud crab, Rithropanopeus harrissii, larvae Diet... 

Chlamys hastata, ovothiol C from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (642) and ovothiol A from the starfish Evasterias troschelli were isolated from eggs of ovarian tissue [511,512]. The structure of ovothiol A is identical to that of l-methyl-5-thiolhistidine (639). 

Heatfield, B.M., 1970. Calcification in echinoderms effects of temperature and Diamox on incorporation of calcium-45 in vitro by regenerating spines of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Biol. Bull., 139 151—163. 

Heatfield, B.M. and Travis, D.F., 1975. Ultrastructural studies of regenerating spines of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Cell types without spherules. J. Mor-phol., 145 13—50. 

The final approach is to use a combination of microarray techniques, antisense ohgonucleotides, functional tests, and the use of monoclonal antibodies to identify matrix proteins and families of matrix proteins involved in the biomineralisation process, and ultimately to establish their function. The recent pubhcation of the genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus represents a promising start to the bioinformatic approach to the identification, characterisation, and functional analysis of particular molecules of the matrix involved in biomineralis ation. 

Schackmann, R.W. and Shapiro, B.M. (1981). A partial sequence of ionic changes associated with the acrosome reaction of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Dev. Biol. 87 145-154. 

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