Hepatitis B and tetanus immunoglobulin

Hepatitis B immunoglobulins are administered to persons who have come into contact with hepatitis B, including newborn infants whose mothers have recently been infected with the virus. 

Tetanus immunoglobulin is an example of an antibody preparation used to induee passive immunization against a mierobial toxin. Tetanus (lockjaw) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium, Clostridium tetani. Bacterial spores can commonly contaminate surface wounds and the resulting bacterial cells produce a toxin as they multiply. The toxin interferes with normal neurological function, particularly at neuromuscular junctions. The result is spasmodic contraction of muscles and, if untreated, mortality rates are high. Treatment with antibiotics and anti-toxin, however, is highly effective if administered promptly. 

Tetanus antitoxin is routinely administered as part of the management of tetanus-prone wounds. The antibody preparation is purified from pooled serum/plasma of human donors who have been immunized with tetanus toxin. 

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