Hederagenin saponin

In anesthetized rats, the ethanol extract of Symphytum officinale and its main compound, a new hederagenin saponin, caused a fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. The hypotensive responses of both samples were quite similar, very briefly returning to normal within 1 min while no significant decrease was observed in heart rate [186]. 

The hederagenin-saponin C from Dipsacus afer (DSC) showed a strong dose-dependent antinociceptive effect (from 3.75 to 30 ig, i.c.v. ) as... 

Takagi K, Park EH, Kato H. Anti-inflammatory activities of hederagenin and crude saponin isolated from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1980 28 1183-1188. 

Preliminary structure-activity relationship studies on triterpene saponins have shown the best activity against HSV-1, -2, adenovirus (AD-2), polyovirus (PV-2) and VSV for saponins having as aglycones ursolic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, hederagenin and oleanolic acid [152],... 

Widely distributed saponin. First isolated from Hedera Helix. Needles from EtOH-pet. ether. M.p. 256-7°. Sol. EtOH, Me CO, AcOEt. Insol. EtgO, pet. ether. [ ], — 9-68°. Sol. dii. alkalis. Not pptd. by cholesterol. Hyd. —> hederagenin, arabinose, and rham-liose. 

Although there are also substantial amounts of the soya -saponins present in alfalfa, these do not apparently contribute to chick growth or egg production inhibition and are not precipi-table with cholesterol. (Reshef, et al., 1976) The ability to complex with cholesterol also apparently accounts for the fungistatic activity of the saponins of both medicagenic acid and hederagenin. 

Saponins from several plant sources have nematicidal activity. The partial hydrolysis of saponins showed more nematicidal activity than the related saponins at the same dose. The aglycones exerted nematicidal activity with hederagenin being the most active followed by medicagenic and bayogenin (Argentieri et al. 2008). 

Figure 12.1 Basic structures of saponins (a) triterpene saponin QS-21 from Quillaya saponaria (b) steroidal saponin from Yucca schidigera (c) hederagenin glycoside from Sapindus mukurossi (d) soyasaponin I from soybean (Glycine max).

M. Murgu, L. F. Santos, G. D. de Souza, C. Daolio, B. Schneider, A. Ferreira, E. Rodriguez-Filho, Hydroxylation of a hederagenin derived saponin by a xylareaceous fungus foimd in fruits of Sapindus saponaria,. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2008.19,831-835. 

As it can be clearly seen Fig. 3, the majority of saponins in the Gypsophila genus possess gypsogenin, gypsogenic acid, hederagenin, or quillaic acid as aglyconic components [23,24] (Fig. 3). 

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