Heavy metals from groundwater

At the Berkeley Pit Superfund site in Butte, Montana, Humasorb was tested for removing heavy metals from groundwater. Based on pilot-scale studies, it was determined that total cleanup costs at the site using Humasorb would be 51 million. These costs included the expenses associated with pumping groundwater from the pit for treatment (D19033K, pp. 1, 2). 

Removes heavy metals from groundwater or effluent streams. 

Elliott, H.A. Peters, R.W. "Decontamination of Metal-Polluted Soils Using Chelating Agents, In Removal of Heavy Metals from Groundwaters CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, FL, (in press). 

Chemical precipitation of metals from groundwater is an ex situ technology that involves the conversion of soluble heavy-metal salts to insoluble salts that will precipitate. The precipitate... 

Environmental Research and Development, Inc., offers the neutral process, which reduces hex-avalent chromium using sulfide catalyzed by ferrous iron, while precipitating heavy metals at pH ranges from 7.4 to 8.4. The vendor has combined this technology with cross-flow microfiltration to remove heavy metals from contaminated groundwater and wastewater without the need for large clarifiers. The technology has been used at U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) sites and is commercially available. 

The Unipnre Environmental, Unipnre process technology is a unique iron co-precipitation method for removal of heavy metals from waste streams or groundwater. It can act as a primary metal-removal system or as a polishing step to an existing treatment system. The reactor mod-nle replaces the nentrahzation tank in a conventional wastewater treatment system. The process prodnces solids that are extremely insolnble in water and mild acid solutions. 

Parga, J.R., Cocke, D.L., Valenzuela, J.L., et al. (2005). Arsenic removal via electrocoagulation from heavy metal contaminated groundwater in La Comarca Lagunera Mexico J Hazard Mater. 124, 247-254. 

Of particular importance is the contamination of soil, because it receives pollutants from the atmosphere (e.g., sulfates and nitrates resulting from oxidation of nitrogen and sulfur oxides, and metals from smelters) and from the hydrosphere (e.g., sediments that concentrate heavy metals from aqueous bodies and mining operations). In multimedia mass-balance models, soil is an important sink as well as a conduit for mass transfer to vegetation and shallow groundwater. 

The high affinity of 1 for some transition elements suggests the possibility of using it for selective removal of toxic heavy metals from contaminated environmental systems and biological liquors. This point is illustrated by the uptake of Pb, Cu ", Cd " and Hg ions in groundwater simulant (Fig. 7a) and Cu and Cd ions uptake in the Ringer solution (Fig. 7b). 

The leaching of heavy metals into groundwater from sites that have been used to dispose of these elements, or from areas that have been contaminated... 

Ribeiro AB. (1994). Electrokinetic removal of heavy metals from a polluted soil. In Cornett Course—Pollution Control and Removal of Pollutants (Nitrates, Nitrites, Heavy Metals) from surface and groundwaters. March 21-23, Lisbon, Portugal Instituto Superior Tecnico. 

Pool Process electrokinetic remediation (Pool Process) is a patented, commercially available technology for the removal of heavy metals and other ionic contaminants. The technology uses a series of electrodes placed in contaminated media to recover ionic contaminants in situ or ex situ from soils, muds, groundwater, dredgings, and other materials. The Pool Process can also be used to enhance bioremediation of media contaminated with a combination of ionic and nonionic organic contaminants. 

ISOTRON Corporation s electrokinetic decontamination process is a patented, in situ process for the removal of contaminants from soil, groundwater, and porous concrete. The technology applies a low-intensity direct current (DC) across electrode pairs to facilitate electromigration and electro-osmosis of contaminants. The process works primarily on highly soluble ionized inorganics including alkah metals, chlorides, nitrates, and phosphates. Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and chromium have also responded favorably. 

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