Heat transfer in vertical tubes

Steiner, D., andTaborek, J., Elow Boiling Heat Transfer in Vertical Tubes Correlated by an Asymptotic Model, Heat Transfer Engineering 13 (2), 43 (1992). 

Data by Vikhrev, Y.V., Kon kov, A.S., Lokshin, V.A., et al., 1971. Temperature regime of steam generating tubes at supercritical pressure (in Russian). In Transactions of the IVth All-Union Conference on Heat Transfer and HydrauUcs at Movement of Two-phase Flow inside Elements of Power Engineaing Machines and Apparatuses, Leningrad, Russia, pp. 21—40 and Vikhrev, Y.V., Barulin, Y.D., Kon kov, A.S., 1967. A study of heat transfer in vertical tubes at supercritical pressures. Thermal Engineering (TeiuioaHeprerHKa, crp. 80—82) 14 (9), 116-119. 

E. R. G. Eckert and A. J. Diaguila, "Experimental investigation of free convection heat transfer in vertical tube at large Grashof numbers", NACA Report 1211 (1955). 

J. P. Hartnett and W. E. Welsh, "Experimental studies of free convection heat transfer in vertical tube with uniform wall heat flux", Trans. ASME, Vol. 79, pp. 551-556 (1957). 

JACKSON, J.D., LI, J. and AN, P., The Influence of thermal boundary conditions on mixed convection heat transfer in vertical tubes , Invited Lecture, Proceedings of the 3" Baltic Heat Transfer Conference, Sopot, Poland, Progress in Engineering Heat... 

FIG. 11 -28 Effect of viscosity on heat transfer in short-tube vertical evaporator To convert centipoises to pascal-seconds, multiply by f0 to convert British thermal units per hour-square foot-degrees Fahrenheit to joules per square meter-second-kelvins, multiply by 5.6783. 

Pujol L. Boiling heat transfer in vertical upflow and downflow tubes. Ph. D. Thesis. Lehigh Univ. 1968... 

Already in 1953, Dunlap and Rushton [105] had reported over the heat transfer of vertical tube bundles in connection with a 4-turbine stirrer. They found a strong difference between cooling and heating, which they correlated with Vis " . The process relationship was as follows ... 

Regimes of flow and heat transfer in a tube with vertical upflow forced convective boiling subjected to axially uniform heat. (Data from Jones, O.C., Jr., Nuclear Reactor Safety Heat Transfer, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1981.)... 

R. L. PiGFOUD, Non-Isothermal Flow and Heat Transfer Inside Vertical Tubes, in Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series, Vol. 51, No. 17. New York American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1955. (pp. 79-92)... 

In the vei tical-tube single-row double-fired heater, a single row of vertical tubes is arrayed along the center plane of the radiant section that is fired from both sides. Usually this type of heater has an overhead horizontal convec tion bank. Although it is the most expensive of the fired heater designs, it provides the most uniform heat transfer to the tubes. Duties are 21 to 132 GJ/h (20 to 125 10 Btu/h) per cell (twin-cell designs are not unusual). 

Sinek, J. R. and E. H. Young, Heat Transfer in Palling-Pilm Lonai-Tube Vertical Evaporators, Chem. Ens. Pros., V. 58, No. 12, p. 74 (1962). 

Chen s method was developed from experimental data on forced convective boiling in vertical tubes. It can be applied, with caution, to forced convective boiling in horizontal tubes, and annular conduits (concentric pipes). Butterworth (1977) suggests that, in the absence of more reliable methods, it may be used to estimate the heat-transfer coefficient for forced convective boiling in cross-flow over tube bundles using a suitable cross-flow correlation to predict the forced-convection coefficient. Shah s method was based on data for flow in horizontal and vertical tubes and annuli. 

Jallouk, P. A., 1974, Two-Phase Flow, Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Refrigerants in Vertical Tubes, Ph.D. thesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. (4)... 

Mishima, K., and M. Ishii, 1984, Flow Regime Transition Criteria for Upward Two-Phase Flow in Vertical Tubes, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 27 723, (3)... 

Evaluation of the boiling heat transfer coefficient in vertical tubes, as in thermosyphon reboilers, is based on a group of equations, (42)-(48), of Table 8.10. A suitable procedure is listed following these equations in that table. 

Feind (F2), 1960 Experimental studies of film flow (water, aqueous glycol solutions) with countercurrent air flow in vertical tubes (2.0-5.0 cm. diameter). Data on mean film thicknesses, local heat transfer coefficients, pressure drop, wave heights, onset of flooding, gas/film interactions. 

Fixed-bed reactors resemble multitube heat exchangers, with the catalyst packed in vertical tubes held in a tubesheet at top and bottom. Reaction heat can be removed by generating steam on the shell side of the reactor or by some other heat-transfer fluid. However, temperature control is more difficult in a fixed-bed than in a fluulized-bed reactor because localized hot spots tend to develop in the tubes. 

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