Heat pumps INDEX

Fuel and Energy Abstracts. Available via ScienceDirect, also published bi-monthly in paper copy. Provides summaries of world literature on scientific, technical, environmental, and commercial aspects of fuel and energy. Covers over 800 international publications, monographs, conference proceedings, reports, surveys, and statistical analyses. Number of abstracts per issue can vary from 500 to 800. The online indexing is inconsistent. Individual abstracts are indexed in most issues. However, in newer issues, the citations are buried under headings, such as Liquid Euels, Heat Pumps, and Fuel Science and Technology, and cannot be retrieved without a secondary keyword search of the actual subject index of a particular issue. 

The guarded hot-plate method can be modified to perform dry and wet heat transfer testing (sweating skin model). Some plates contain simulated sweat glands and use a pumping mechanism to deUver water to the plate surface. Thermal comfort properties that can be deterrnined from this test are do, permeabihty index (/ ), and comfort limits. PermeabiUty index indicates moisture—heat permeabiUty through the fabric on a scale of 0 (completely impermeable) to 1 (completely permeable). This parameter indicates the effect of skin moisture on heat loss. Comfort limits are the predicted metaboHc activity levels that may be sustained while maintaining body thermal comfort in the test environment. 

The process system consists of two long-tube vertical evaporators, a draft-tube baffled crystallizer, a rotary-drum vacuum filter, and a direct-heat rotary dryer. Also, pumps are needed to move the solution from evaporator 1 to evaporator 2, to recycle the filtrate from the filter to the crystallizer, and to move the magma from the crystallizer to the filter and a heat exchanger is needed to heat the recycle filtrate. However, the purchase costs for the three pumps and the heat exchanger are not considered here because examples for these types of equipment are presented in Section 16.5. For the equipment considered here, assume fabrication from stainless steel, with a material factor of 2 for the ratio of stainless steel cost to carbon steel cost. For the process, using the following size factors and the equations in Table 16.32, the estimated f.o.b. equipment purchase costs at a CE index of 394 are included in the following table. 

Table 16.32 Purchase Costs (f.o.b.) of Other Chemical Processing Equipment, CE Index = 394. Equations for pumps, compressors, motors, heat exchangers, and pressure vessels are in Section 16.5 ... 

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