Heat distortion temperature data

Table 19.5 Flexural moduli and heat distortion temperature data for substituted-HQs/BB polyarylates [19]. From Inoue, T. and Tabata, N., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 254, 417-428 (1994), and reproduced with permission of Gordon and Breach (Taylor and Francis) Publishers...

Ternary alloys having high heat distortion temperature. [Data from Soby,l. M. Lehr, M. H. Dickens, E. D. Rajagopalan, M. Greenlee, W. S., US Patent 5,354,812, Oct. 11,... 

Vicat softening temperature und heat distortion temperature - data... 

Table 5.55 lists heat distortion temperature data. The addition of reinforcing agents increases the maximum short-term service temperature of PA 46 almost to its melting temperature [502],... 

The data provided by Toyota Research Group of Japan on polyamide-MMT nanocomposites indicate tensile strength improvements of approximately 40%-50% at 23°C and modulus improvement of about 70% at the same temperature. Heat distortion temperature has been shown to increase from 65°C for the unmodified polyamide to 152°C for the nanoclay-modified material, all the above having been achieved with just a 5% loading of MMT clay. Similar mechanical property improvements were presented for polymethyl methacrylate-clay hybrids [27]. 

Effect of Molecular Configuration of Elastomer. The extent of the impact and strength improvements of ERL-4221 depends on the chemical structure and composition of the elastomer modifier. The data shown in Table I indicate that the carboxyl terminated 80-20 butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (CTBN) is the most effective toughening and reinforcing agent. The mercaptan terminated copolymer (MTBN) is considerably less effective as far as tensile strength and heat distortion temperature are concerned. The mercaptan groups are considerably less reactive with epoxides than carboxyls (4), and this difference in the rate of reaction may influence the extent of the epoxy-elastomer copolymerization and therefore the precipitation of the rubber as distinct particles. 

The carboxyl terminated polybutadiene (C-3000) is about equally effective to CTBN in heat distortion temperature and impact but considerably less effective in strength. From the haze data (the percent haze of ERL-4221 modified with 10 phr of CTBN and C-3000 were 17 and 85% respectively) it is quite clear that this elastomer (C-3000) is highly incompatible with the epoxy-hardener system in the cured state. A 2000 molecular weight polybutadiene elastomer, containing no carboxyl groups, was completely incompatible with the epoxy system and segregated in the cured state. 

The improved notched impact strength obtained in a 5%, 5000/5000, PSF/PSX block copolymer blend is achieved with minimal sacrifice in polysulfone properties. The data in Table VII indicate that heat distortion temperature is reduced by only 5°C. Tensile strength and modulus are reduced by ca. 10%, and elongation and tensile impact strength (unnotched) are essentially unchanged. 

Notes Data is based on novolac and bisphenoI-A resins Poisson s Ratio is stated as 0.33 for all grades Heat distortion temperature of unreinforced resins is 130-155 C 1266-311°F)... 

Table 3.8 shows a summary of available data of Vicat softening temperatures and heat distortion temperatures for different thermoplastic materials and resins. 

The heat distortion temperature is the deflection heat under load, which is usually listed on property data sheets. The ASTM D648 test consists of a bar (usually x x 5 in.) supported at both ends (4 in. apart), with... 

Response surfaces showing the effects of composition on mechanical properties are compared with the compatibilized blend and the glass-fiber-reinforced composite in Fig. 5.7 and 5.8. Regression models for the compatibilized blends are shown below the response surface graphs (Fig. 5.7, a-e) versus reinforced (Fig. 5.8, a-e) blends shows a marked difference in the nature of the responses. Most notably, the curvature in the response observed in the compatibilized blends has vanished, and the response is a function of Kraton rubber only for the flexural modulus, notched Izod impact, and tensile strength. Similarly, the heat distortion temperature is now only a linear function of Kraton and HDPE levels. Finally, elongation at break has been reduced to a single value (3.43 0.45%), as more than 90% of the variability in the data was explained by the mean value. Thus,... 

These four thermosetting resins have somewhat different load-carrying capabilities at elevated temperatures. Polyester, epoxy and vinyl ester have similar heat distortion temperatures (130 -150 C) and from these data, one can infer that epoxy is best at intermediate temperatures and vinyl ester at higher temperatures. Overall, however, the phenolic has the best temperature resistance, in line with its much higher HDT (250 C). 

In the early 1950s, polyethylene was the first plastic material used for radiation curing. Today, approx. 150 Mio. meters of polyethylene pipe are radiation cured for under floor heating and drinking water lines. The pipes exhibit higher heat distortion temperatures with simultaneous improvement in their characteristic creep data under compression and considerably higher resistance to stress cracking [716]. 

The proper use of multi-point data for selecting the most appropriate plastic materials for the applications cannot be over emphasized. This point is well illustrated in a classic example of misinterpretation of published test data and the true meaning and usefulness of heat distortion temperature (HDT) values. As discussed in Chapter 3, the heat distortion... 

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