Haptotactic migration

Zhou D, Luini W, Bemasconi S, Diomede L, Salmona M, Man-tovani A, Sozzani S. Phosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidic acid induce haptotactic migration of human monocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 1995 270 25549. 

Wang, J. M., Taraboletti, G., Matsushima, K., Van Damme, J., and Mantovani, A. (1990) Induction of haptotactic migration of melanoma cells by neutrophil activating protein/ interleukin-8. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Common. 169,165-170. 

The above discussion relates to the process of random migration where cells do not move in a preferential direction. It is often the case, however, that soluble and insoluble factors causing cells to move in a preferential direction are present. Soluble agents that attract cells are called chemotactic, while those immobilized in the extracellular matrix are called haptotactic. In chemotactic or haptotactic migration, a third parameter must be determined to capture the directional preference of the migration process. This parameter is the chemotactic index (C/), which can be determined experimentally from single cell trajectories by the equation ... 

Figure 8 Dose-response of SCM-chitin III on haptotactic migration of tumor cells. B16-BL6 cells (2 X 10" ) were seeded on the filter precoated on the lower surface with 5 xg laminin. Various concentrations of SCM-chitin III were added into the lower compartment of a Transwell chamber. After a 6-h incubation, the migrant cells on the lower surface were visually counted. P > 0.001 compared with the control by Student s two-tailed r-test.

Rot, A. (1993). Neutrophil attractant/activation protein-1 (interleukin-8) induces in vitro neutrophil migration by haptotactic mechanism. Eur. J. Immunol. 23, 303-306. 

This assay is based on the ability of some cell types, under certain circumstances, to migrate into the empty space produced in a cell monolayer by an appropriate cell scraper (Lipton et al., 1971 Biirk, 1973). It allows evaluation of chemokinetics, or at most haptotactic effects if the denuded surface retains ECM molecules. 

Recent work demonstrates that chemokines are not limited in their function to their ability to attract cells and initiate cell mobility, but have multiple other functions (58-64). The possibility that C-C chemokines may directly affect (via autocrine action) pleural mesothelial cells was not recognized until recently (65). Pleural injury results in the death of mesothelial cells and denudation of the mesothelial basement membrane. Repair of the mesothelium without fibrosis requires local proliferation and migration of mesothelial cells into the injured area. In a model of mechanical pleural injury, the C-C chemokine MCP-1 was found to play a central role in the repair process. MCP-1 induces proliferative and haptotactic responses in pleural mesothelial cells. 

---