Neutrophils migration

Neutrophils become polarized in response to chemoattractants even when stimulated in suspension. Thus the mechanisms for cell polarization do not require adherence to a substratum, however migration does. In order for movement to occur, traction must be generated against the substratum. For neutrophils migrating on a two-dimensional surface, adhesion molecules called integrins are the treads for traction [I21,179]. 

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Rot, A. (1993). Neutrophil attractant/activation protein-1 (interleukin-8) induces in vitro neutrophil migration by haptotactic mechanism. Eur. J. Immunol. 23, 303-306. 

Once having passed through the walls of small blood vessels, the neutrophils migrate toward the highest concentrations of the chemotactic factors, encounter the invading bacteria, and attempt to attack and destroy them. The neutrophils must be activated in order... 

Simpkins CO, Dickey CA, Fink MP (1984) Human neutrophil migration is enhanced by beta-endorphin. Life Sci 34(23) 2251-2255... 

Lipoxygenases catalyse the regio-specific and stereoselective oxygenation of unsaturated fatty acids. The mammalian enzymes have been detected in human platelets, lung, kidney, testes and white blood cells. The leukotrienes, derived from the enzymatic action of the enzyme on arachidonic acid, have effects on neutrophil migration and aggregation, release of lysosomal enzymes, capillary permeability, induction of pain and smooth muscle contraction (Salmon, 1986). 

Reichel CA, Khandoga A, Anders H-J, Schlondorff D, Luckow B, Krombach F. Chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5 mediate neutrophil migration to postischemic tissue. J Leukoc Biol 2006 79 114-122. 

Fig. 4. Diagram of neutrophils migrating through the pores of a polycarbonate membrane. Sections A, B, and C correspond to the areas where optical sections were imaged and are presented in Fig. 5A, B, and C, respectively.

Fig. 5. Optical sectioning of rhodamine phalloidin-stained F-actin in a neutrophil migrating through a 5-pm pore of a polycarbonate membrane. The neutrophil migration is stimulated in response to 10 M Af-formytmethionyl-leucy 1-phenylalanine. (A), (B), and (C) correspond to O.S-pm optical sections indicated as sections A, B, and C, respectively, in Fig. 4. The bar represents 10 pm. The images were collected with a Nikon Microphot FX microscope (x60 Plan-apochromat lens, numerical aperture, 1.6) connected to a Bio-Rad MRC600 laser-scanning confocal system.

Indomethacin, introduced in 1963, is an indole derivative (Figure 36-1). It is a potent nonselective COX inhibitor and may also inhibit phospholipase A and C, reduce neutrophil migration, and decrease T-cell and -cell proliferation. 

Hauert, A.B. Martinelli, S. Marone, C. Niggli, V. Differentiated HL-60 cells are a valid model system for the analysis of human neutrophil migration and chemotaxis. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 34, 838-854 (2002)... 

Mrsny, R.J., et al. 2004. Identification of hepoxilin A3 in inflammatory events A required role in neutrophil migration across intestinal epithelia. Proc Natl Acad Sci 101 7421. 

Vandal K, Rouleau P, Boivin A, Ryckman C, Talbot M, Tessier PA. 2003. Blockade of S100A8 and S100A9 suppresses neutrophil migration in response to lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol 171(5) 2602-2609. 

A. J. Hnarg and S. C. Silverstsin, Mschantsitts of neutrophil migration across odu— thdium. In Endothelial Cell Dysfunctions (N. Simionescu and M, Simionescu, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, 1992, pp. 201-231. 

Doerschuk, C. M., Markos, J., Coxson, H-O., English, D., and Hogg, J-C. (1994) Quantitation of neutrophil migration in acute bacterial pneumonia in rabbits. J. Appl. Physiol. 77, 2593-2599. 

Schoenberger Cl, Hunninghake GW, Kawanami 0, et al. 1982. Role of alveolar macrophages in asbestosis Modulation of neutrophil migration to the lung after acute asbestos exposure. Thorax 37 803-809. 

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