Halogen oxides toxicity

For the most part, the halogen oxides are highly reactive toxic substances. Their toxicity and hazard characteristics are similar to those of the interhalogen compounds, described previously in this section. 

The halogens are toxic and reactive elements that are found only in compounds with other elements. Eluorine and chlorine are strong oxidizing agents and are prepared by electrolysis. 

Well-authenticated boron hydrides are listed in Table I. Characterization of these hydrides does not preclude the isolation of others (33). Properties known at present to be common to all boranes include thermal instability susceptibility to hydrolysis, to alcoholysis, and to oxidation toxicity ability to react with ammonia and with many electron-pair donor molecules [for example, (CH3)3N] and a tendency to undergo substitution of their hydrogen atoms by halogen or alkyl groups. 

HAZARD RISK Moderate fire hazard in dust and vapor forms reeicts violently with halogens, oxidants, and acids decomposition emits toxic fumes of SbH3 NFPA Code not available. 

Polyisobutylene and isobutylene—isoprene copolymers are considered to have no chronic hazard associated with exposure under normal industrial use. Some grades can be used in chewing-gum base, and are regulated by the PDA in 21 CPR 172.615. Vulcanized products prepared from butyl mbber or halogenated butyl mbber contain small amounts of toxic materials as a result of the particular vulcanization chemistry. Although many vulcanizates are inert, eg, zinc oxide cured chlorobutyl is used extensively in pharmaceutical stoppers, specific recommendations should be sought from suppHers. 

Specific identity of a toxic chemical to be a trade secret, the notice to your customer(s) must contain a generic chemical name that Is descriptive of the structure of that toxic chemical. For example, decabromodiphenyl oxide could be described as a halogenated aromatic. 

Combustion in a thermal oxidizer is the only practical way to deal with many waste streams. This is particularly true of solid and concentrated waste and toxic wastes such as those containing halogenated hydrocarbons, pesticides, herbicides, and so on. Many of the toxic substances encountered resist biological degradation and persist in the natural environment for a long period. Unless they are in dilute aqueous solution, the most effective treatment is usually thermal oxidation. 

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