Halides acetamidation

Hydrogen halides Acetamide. Ammonium acetate. Ammonium formate. Epichloro-hydrin. l,2-Epoxy-3-phenoxypropane. Ethylenediamine. Ethylene oxide. Magnesium oxide. Propylene oxide. 

DNA sequencing and. 1113 Electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, 417-418 Electrostatic potential map, 37 acetaldehyde, 688 acetamide, 791,922 acetate ion. 43. 53, 56, 757 acetic acid. 53. 55 acetic acid dimer, 755 acetic anhydride, 791 acetone, 55, 56. 78 acetone anion, 56 acetyl azide, 830 acetyl chloride, 791 acetylene. 262 acetylide anion, 271 acid anhydride, 791 acid chloride, 791 acyl cation, 558 adenine, 1104 alanine, 1017 alanine zwitterion, 1017 alcohol. 75 alkene, 74, 147 alkyl halide, 75 alkyne. 74... 

Trimethylsilyl halides can also be used for analogous reactions with arenediazo-nium tetrafluoroborates, as shown by Keumi et al. (1989). These authors treated 2-fluorenediazonium tetrafluoroborate in A/,Af-dimethylformamide or -acetamide with trimethylsilylchloride, -bromide, or -iodide in the presence of an excess of N-chlorosuccinimide, Af-bromosuccinimide, or methyl iodide, respectively, at 60 °C (Cl, Br) or at room temperature (I). The yields of the 2-halofluorenes were good in addition fluorene, the product of hydro-de-diazoniation, was obtained, if the reaction was run in tetrahydrofuran/Af,7V-dimethylformamide mixtures. The mechanism of these reactions, as well as that of the corresponding azido-de-diazoniation, is uncertain (see also Secs. 10.2 and 10.7). 

Amides and sulfonamides undergo intramolecular chemistry to form aryl amides and aryl sulfonamides (Equations (17)—(19)) in the presence of palladium catalysts ligated by arylphos-phines.35,89 Initially, complexes of P(furyl)3 and P(o-tol)3 were most effective catalysts, but complexes of Hayashi s MOP and van Leeuwen s DPEphos and xantphos have lately been shown to be more active.90 In the presence of catalysts containing one of these ligand systems, five-, six-, and seven-membered rings were formed from halogenated benzamides or from substrates containing an acetamide, an A-carbobenzyloxy, or a t-butylcarbamate substituent tethered to the aryl halide (Equations (18) and (19)) ... 

Aryl halides bearing strong electron-withdrawing groups and thus allowing nucleophilic aromatic substitution can be used for the arylation of azinone anions. 4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)phthalazin-l(2//)-one has been arylated simultaneously at N-2 and at the phenolic OH with 4-chlorobenzonitrile and potassium carbonate in dimethyl-acetamide (DMA) <2005CHJ200>. 

Alkenes, Cyclic Alkenes, and Dienes Alkenes, Cyclic Alkenes, and Dienes Ethylene Propylene Alkyl Halides Alkynes Aluminum Americium Amides Amides Carbofuran Dimethyl Acetamide Amines Antimony... 

The densities and volumetric specific heats of some alkali halides and tetraalkylammonium bromides were undertaken in mixed aqueous solutions at 25°C using a flow digital densimeter and a flow microcalorimeter. The organic cosolvents used were urea, p-dioxane, piperadine, morpholine, acetone, dime thy Isulf oxide, tert-butanol, and to a lesser extent acetamide, tetrahydropyran, and piperazine. The electrolyte concentration was kept at 0.1 m in all cases, while the cosolvent concentration was varied when possible up to 40 wt %. From the corresponding data in pure water, the volumes and heat capacities of transfer of the electrolytes from water to the mixed solvents were determined. The converse transfer functions of the nonelectrolyte (cosolvent) at 0.4m from water to the aqueous NaCl solutions were also determined. These transfer functions can be interpreted in terms of pair and higher order interactions between the electrolytes and the cosolvent. 

Preparation of the complexes CdX2L2 (X = C1, Br, I or SCN L = acetamide) has been reported. IR evidence indicates bridging halide ligands, with L coordination via O and N.353 The crystal structure of dichlorobis(N,N-dimethyIacetamide)zinc shows zinc tetrahedrally... 

The lactams 2-pyrrolidinone and lV-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone may be used to increase the solubility of carbohydrates in alcoholic reaction media. However, they cannot be used in the preparation of metal halide adducts, because of their tendency to associate, perhaps by complexing, with metal halide adducts.1 Amides are known to form complexes with metal halides. For example, sodium iodide combines with N, N-dimethylformamide to give Nal 3 N,N-dimethylformamide. Acetamide can form NaBr 2 acetamide and NaI-2 acetamide. 7... 

The carbanions derived from A,A-disubstituted amides and lactams react with certain aromatic halides in liquid ammonia under photostimulation [85,86] to form the expected a-arylated compounds in good yields. Unsymmetrical a, a-diaryl amides can be formed by reaction of aryl halides with the anion of the oc-aryl-A,7V-dimethyl acetamides [85]. 

N, A-Dialkylacetamide enolate ions (143) were proved to react with aryl halides in liquid ammonia giving A,A-dimethyl-a-arylacetamides together with some A,A-dimethyl-a, a-diarylacetamides189. In order to synthesize some herbicides of the amide family, a series of A,A-dimethyl a-aryl and a,a-diaryl acetamides were prepared by the reaction of aryl halides (Phi, /7-iodoanisole, / -iodotoluene, 1-iodonaphthalene, 9-bromophenan-threne, 9-bromoanthracene and/ -iodobenzoic acid) with 143 (equation 95)190. The product distribution was shown to be dependent on the 143/aryl halide ratio. With a ratio of 5, approximately 50% of 144 and 20% of 145 were obtained. 

Acetamides. Alkyl halides and ethers can be converted into acetamides by reaction with this reagent in acetonitrile. The reactivity is RI > RBr ROR RH RC1>RF. 

Thiols can be prepared by the reduction of sulfonyl halides with LiAlITj. Usually, the reaction is carried out on aromatic sulfonyl chlorides. Zinc and acetic acid, and HI, also give the reduction. Another reagent for this reduction is Me2SiCl2 and Zn with dimethyl acetamide.Sulfonic acids have been reduced to thiols... 

Table 7 Derivatives, pages 597-598) Anhydrides and acid halides will react with water to give acidic solutions, detectable with litmus paper. They easily form benzamides and acetamides. 

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