Guards materials

To ensure a high standard of protection is afforded, guard material must have sufficient strength and durability and not interfere with the functioning of the machine. Typical materials include ... 

Job/task instruction technique Lock out or tag out Machine guarding Materials handling and storage Methane control Personal protective equipment Personnel hoisting Rules and regulations Safety meetings Self-rescue devices Shafts Signaling Ventilation. 

The t test is also used to judge whether a given lot of material conforms to a particular specification. If both plus and minus departures from the known value are to be guarded against, a two-tailed test is involved. If departures in only one direction are undesirable, then the 10% level values for t are appropriate for the 5% level in one direction. Similarly, the 2% level should be used to obtain the 1% level to test the departure from the known value in one direction only these constitute a one-tailed test. More on this subject will be in the next section. 

Transportation Department DOT Coast Guard Eederal Aviation Administration (EAA) highway, railroad, and maritime adininistration hazardous material shipping... 

Storage and Handling. The acid should never be allowed to stand in a line completely sealed between two closed valves or check valves. Excessive pressure caused by thermal expansion of the Hquid can cause leaks or pipe mptures. AH lubricants and packing materials in contact with chlorosulfuric acid must be chemically resistant to the acid. Elanged connections are recommended over screwed fittings and flange guards should be used. 

Contamination. Manufacturers of cosmetics must be careful to guard against chemical and microbial contamination. Chemical contamination, which may result from the presence of undesirable impurities in raw materials, is avoidable by adhering to rigid specifications for raw materials. Compendial specifications and pubHcations by the CTFA and other professional societies form the basis of most intracompany raw material specifications. Moreover, all packaging components must meet not only physical and design specifications but also such chemical requirements as extractables and absence of dust and similar contaminants (see Packaging, cosLffiTics and pharmaceuticals). 

Ethyl alcohol is a flammable Hquid requiring a red label by the DOT and Coast Guard shipping classifications its flash point is 14°C (Tag, closed cup). Vapor concentrations between 3.3 and 19.0% by volume in air are explosive. Liquid ethyl alcohol can react vigorously with oxidi2ing materials. Ethyl alcohol has found wide appHcation in industry, and experience shows that it is not a serious industrial poison (273—275). If proper ventilation of the work environment is maintained, there is Httle likelihood that inhalation of the vapor will be ha2ardous. 

Guard and safety Raw-material and finished-product storage—tanks, spheres, drums, bins. 

Data can also be gathered experimentally on the compatibility of materials. Incompatibility charts have been published by the U.S. Coast Guard (1994), ASTM (1980) as well as others. See Frurip (Frurip et ah, 1997) for a description of experimental tests and published compatibility charts. 

US Coast Guard, Compatibility of Cargoes, published in 46 CFR Ch. 1 (10-1-93 ed.)—Part 150 with changes that appeared in the Federal Register dated April 11, 1994 as a Final Rule by Coast Guard (USCG-D-92-100) for Bulk Hazardous Materials. 

The bearings are W ater lubricated. The typical materials of construction are carbon, copper alloys, bakelite and ceramics. The mechanical seals, like a double oil seal protected w ith a cap called a Sand Guard, are robust and perfect in sealing the inotor to prevent the entry of pumped... 

Barium perchlorate. Expensive. Used in desiccators (covered with a metal guard). Unsuitable for drying solvents or organic material where contact is necessary, because of the danger of EXPLOSION... 

Transparent guards for foodstuffs, machines and even baby incubators may be fabricated simply from acrylic sheet. It should, however, be pointed out that due to rather rapid surface deterioration and the lack of sparkle the material is not ideally suited as a cover for displayed goods. 

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