Group 14 metal chalcogenides

Dey S, Jain VK (2004) Platinum group metal chalcogenides. Their syntheses and applications in catalysis and materials science. Platinum Metals Rev 48 16-29... 

W. S. Sheldrick, Network self-assembly patterns in main group metal chalcogenides.. /. Chem. Soc. Dalton 2000 3041. 

Group 6 Metal Chalcogenide Cluster Complexes and Their Relationships to Solid-State Cluster Compounds Taro Saito... 

The platinum group metals form several binary, pseudo-binary, and ternary chalcogenides. The outstanding features of these compounds as related to catalysis and materials science have been widely reported and reviewed [88],... 

The electrochemical preparation of metal chalcogenide compounds has been demonstrated by numerous research groups and reviewed in a number of publications [ 1-3]. For the most part, the methods that have been used comprise (a) cathodic co-reduction of the metal ion and a chalcogen oxoanion in aqueous solution onto an inert substrate (b) cathodic deposition from a solvent containing metal ions and the chalcogen in elemental form (the chalcogens are not soluble in water under normal conditions, so these reactions are carried out in non-aqueous solvents) (c) anodic oxidation of the parent metal in a chalconide-containing aqueous electrolyte. 

The interest in noble metal free chalcogenides has recently been renewed. The Campbell group reported in 2006 on the use of Co-Se catalysts for ORR.197 The group also indicated they were involved in a more extensive study of non-precious metal chalcogenides as ORR catalysts. 

The group of ion-selective electrodes with fixed ion-exchange sites includes systems with various membrane structures. The membranes are either homogeneous (single crystals, pressed pellets, sintered materials) or heterogeneous, set in an inactive skeleton of various polymeric materials. Important electrode materials include silver halides, silver and divalent metal chalcogenides, lanthanum trifluoride and various glassy materials. Here, the latter will be surveyed only briefly, for the sake of completeness. 

Abstract This review highlights how molecular Zintl compounds can be used to create new materials with a variety of novel opto-electronic and gas absorption properties. The generality of the synthetic approach described in this chapter on coupling various group-IV Zintl clusters provides an important tool for the design of new kinds of periodically ordered mesoporous semiconductors with tunable chemical and physical properties. We illustrate the potential of Zintl compounds to produce highly porous non-oxidic semiconductors, and we also cover the recent advances in the development of mesoporous elemental-based, metal-chalcogenide, and binary intermetallic alloy materials. The principles behind this approach and some perspectives for application of the derived materials are discussed. 

So far, the synthesis of mesoporous metal chalcogenides remains an open challenge but progress is being made. A few examples have been reported, including 11-VI group-type semiconductors such as CdS [68, 69], ZnS [70], and CdTe [17]. 

FTIR has been mainly used to obtain structural details of films and to monitor intercalation of metal ions into the film structure and the subsequent reactions of the films with dihydrogen chalcogenides. Both transmission (FTIR-T) and reflection-absorbance (FTIR-RA) modes have been utilized. For the most part these studies have involved films of fatty acids with divalent metal ions. The key features of the FTIR spectra of these films include the asymmetric and symmetric stretching modes of the carboxylate group vs(C02-) and va(C02 ), associated with the M2+/carboxylate complex, and the carbonyl stretching mode v(C=0) of the proton-ated fatty acid. The disappearance of the v(C02 ) (1500-1600 cm-1) and appearance of the v(C=0) bands (—1700 cm-1), concurrent with the formation of the metal chalcogenide and regeneration of the fatty acid, have been used to evaluate... 

GROUP 6 METAL CHALCOGENIDE CLUSTER COMPLEXES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS TO SOLID-STATE CLUSTER COMPOUNDS... 

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