Ground-water remediation design

Ahlfeld, D. P. (1990). "Two-stage ground-water remediation design." J. Water Resour. Ping, and Mgmt Div., ASCE, 116(4), 517-529. 

The USEPA has estimated that the number of confirmed releases is 418,000. Remedial design or remedial actions have been initiated at almost 25,300 of these sites. The volume of soil (per site) to be remediated ranges from 9 to 800 cubic yards. No information is available regarding the magnitude of surface and ground waters in need of remediation. 

Tratnyek, PG. T.L. Johnson, M.M. Scherer, and G.R. Eykholt. 1997. Remediating groundwater with zero-valent metals Kinetic considerations in barrier design. Ground Water Monit. Rem. 108-114. 

Aksoy, A., and Culver, T. B. (2000). "Effect of sorption assumptions on the optimization of aquifer remediation designs." Ground Water, 38(2), 200-208. 

Sabatini, D. A., Knox, R. C., Harwell, J. H., Soerens, T. S., Chen, L., Brown, R. E. and West, C. (November-December 1997) "Design of a Surfactant Remediation Field Demonstration Based on Laboratory and Modeling Studies." Ground Water. 35(6), 954-963. 

Tratnyek PG, Johnson TL, Scherer MM, Eykholt GR. Remediating ground-water with zero-valent metals kinetic considerations in barrier design. Ground Water Monit Remediat 1997 17 108-114. 

To understand the behavior of the movement of the contaminant in ground-water, people solve Eq. (1) forward in time. In solving this equation forward in time, one assumes that the plume is originated from somewhere and will travel through the porous media due to advection and dispersion. The conventional procedure to solve Eq. (1) is to use finite difference or finite element methods. For simple cases, closed-form solutions exist. Quantitative descriptions of the processes forward in time are well understood. Multidimensional models of these processes have been used successfully in practice [50]. Numerical solute transport models were first developed about 25 years ago. When properly applied, these models can provide useful information about transport processes and can assist in the design of remedial programs. 

The SPLP is designed to simulate waste materials in the ground surface or oti the top of the surface. The substances there are exposed to rainfall. Leachate forms by dissolution of them. Data given from the SPLP are utilized to develop site-specific soil remediation criteria that protect ground water. Federal and/or State specific guidance utilize the data for a conceptual site model. 

ASTM, Standard Guide for Remediation of Ground Water by Natural Attenuation at Petroleum Release Sites, ASTM Designation E 1943-98, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1998. 

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