Solute transport model

Prickett, T.A., T.G. Naymik and C.G. Lonnquist (19810. A random walk solute transport model for selected groundwater quality evaluations. Illinois State Water Survey, Bulletin 65. 

Walton-Day, K., Paschke, S.S., Runkel, R.L Kimball, B.A. 2007. Using the OTIS solute-transport model to evaluate remediation scenarios in Cement Creek and the Upper Animas River. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1651, 979-1028. 

Numerical simulations were carried out using a multicomponent reactive solute transport model to study the migration of four heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn ) in a sand/bentonite mixture. The leachate pH has a significant effect on the migration of Cd and Pb but has only limited effect on the mobility of and Zn " (Wu and Li, 1998). 

Modeling results of subsurface pressure gradients were used to simulate subsurface soil gas velocity throughout the unsaturated zone profile. Figure 15 shows vertical profiles of unsaturated-zone air velocities for 12-hr time periods for August and October 1996. Results show that subsurface airflow is almost never zero, as is assumed in a diffusion-only transport model. Air-phase solute transport models based solely on diffusion would therefore not be able to accurately predict contaminant flux from the subsurface. 

Konikow LF, Goode DJ, Hornberger GZ (1996) A three-dimensional method-of-charac-teristics solute transport model (MOC3D). Water-Resources Investigation Rep 96-4267, United States Geological Survey, Washington, DC... 

To understand the behavior of the movement of the contaminant in ground-water, people solve Eq. (1) forward in time. In solving this equation forward in time, one assumes that the plume is originated from somewhere and will travel through the porous media due to advection and dispersion. The conventional procedure to solve Eq. (1) is to use finite difference or finite element methods. For simple cases, closed-form solutions exist. Quantitative descriptions of the processes forward in time are well understood. Multidimensional models of these processes have been used successfully in practice [50]. Numerical solute transport models were first developed about 25 years ago. When properly applied, these models can provide useful information about transport processes and can assist in the design of remedial programs. 

Leij FJ, Priesack E, Schaap MG (2000) Solute transport modeled with Green s functions with application to persistent solute sources. J Contam Hydrol 41 155-173... 

Heberton, C.I., Russel, T.F., Konikow, L.F., and Hornberger, G.Z., A Three-Dimensional Finite-Volume Eulerian-Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method (ELLAM) for Solute-Transport Modeling, Water Resources Investigations Report 00-4087, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 2000. 

Runkel R. L. (1998) One-dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS) A Solute Transport Model for Streams and Rivers. US Geol. Surv. Water-Resour. Invest. Report. 98-4018. 

Suarez D. L. and Simunek J. (1996) Solute transport modelling under variably saturated water-flow conditions. In Reactive Transport in Porous Media (eds. P. C. Lichtner, C. I. Steefel, and E. H. OeUcers). Rev. Mineral., Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC, vol. 34, pp. 229-268. 

Reactive solute-transport models couple the equations that describe physical transport processes with equations that describe geochemical reactions. These models can be divided into three basic categories (i) equilibrium models, (ii) partial equilibrium models, and (iii) kinetic models. The three are differentiated by the... 

In summary, a descriphon of natural attenuation processes for XOCs in a landhll leachate is not an easy task and may require a number of approaches including held observations, experiments in the laboratory and held and also reactive solute transport modeling. The latter is an important... 

Predictions of the spatial and temporal distribution of As in groimdwato are achieved by coupling adsorption models with solute transport models. 

Empirical adsorption models have been widely used to model transport of reactive solutes in groimdwato. The main advantage of these models is their mathematical simplicity which readily allows incorporation in solute transport models (Grove and Stollenwerk, 1987). However, these models are limited in their abihty to describe As adsorption in complex geochemical systems. 

Surface complexation models are the most versatile for modeling As adsorption for a wide range of geochemical conditions. Coupling of these models with solute transport models provides a powerful tool for predicting the spatial and temporal distribution of As in groundwater. 

Parkhurst, D. L., Engesgaard, P., and Kipp, K. L., 1995, Coupling the geochemical model PHREEQC with a 3D multi-component solute-transport model in Fifth Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference, University Park, Pennsylvania, p. 77. 

Molybdate transport in a chemically complex aquifer Field measurements compared with solute transport model predictions Water Resources Research, v. 34, p. 2727-2740. 

The ADE the was first solute transport model widely and successfully used for soils. For one-dimensional steady state flow of a non-reacting solute in a homogeneous soil layer, the ADE is ... 

Jury, W. A., and G. Sposito. 1985. Field calibration and validation of solute transport models for the unsaturated zone. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 49 1331-1341. 

Prickett, T. A. Maymik, T. G. Lonnquist, C. G. A Random-Walk Solute Transport Model for Selected Groundwater Quality Evaluation. 1981, Illinois State Water Survey Bull. 65, 103... 

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