Graphite properties/applications

The erosion of graphite in nozzle applications is a result of both chemical and mechanical factors. Changes in temperature, pressure, or fuel-oxidizing ratio markedly affect erosion rates. Graphite properties affecting its resistance to erosion include density, porosity, and pore size distribution... 

Graphite properties conducive to successful electrolytic application include high electrical conductivity, high degree of insolubility and operation at low voltage, high purity, low initial cost, easily machinable, and few limitations as to size and shape. 

Sung Gun Chu, chemist, received a Ph.D. degree in physical polymer chemistry from the University of Texas at Austin in 1978. His main interests are in the property-structure processing relations of polymeric materials, and the rheology of polymers. Since Dr. Chu began work at Hercules in April 1981, he has been involved in the study of adhesives and sealants. He is also involved in the development of new, tough matrix resins for graphite composite applications, has published over 20 papers, and has several patents on adhesives and composite resins. He is presently a Project Leader in Adhesives at the Hercules Research Center. 

SWCNTs exhibit exceptional properties which are directly related to their defect-free graphitic structure. The current list of possible applications includes ... 

Perhaps the first practical application of carbonaceous materials in batteries was demonstrated in 1868 by Georges Le-clanche in cells that bear his name [20]. Coarsely ground MnO, was mixed with an equal volume of retort carbon to form the positive electrode. Carbonaceous powdered materials such as acetylene black and graphite are commonly used to enhance the conductivity of electrodes in alkaline batteries. The particle morphology plays a significant role, particularly when carbon blacks are used in batteries as an electrode additive to enhance the electronic conductivity. One of the most common carbon blacks which is used as an additive to enhance the electronic conductivity of electrodes that contain metal oxides is acetylene black. A detailed discussion on the desirable properties of acetylene black in Leclanche cells is provided by Bregazzi [21], A suitable carbon for this application should have characteristics that include (i) low resistivity in the presence of the electrolyte and active electrode material, (ii) absorption and retention of a significant... 

Boron nitride has two crystalline forms, hexagonal (h-BN) and cubic (c-BN), with much different properties. Hexagonal BN is the more important and has many industrial applications. Its structure is similar to that of graphite which it resembles in many ways. It has a very large anisotropy in the crystal with resulting anisotropic properties. 

In general, nanotechnology MBBs are distinguished for their unique properties. They include, for example, graphite, fullerene molecules made of various numbers of carbon atoms (C60, C70, C76, C240, etc.), carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanocrystals, amino acids, and diamondoids [97]. All these molecular building blocks are candidates for various applications in nanotechnology. 

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