Grapevine pathogens

Cichewicz RH, Konzi SA, Hamann MT. 2000. Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen Botrytis cinerea. J Nat Prod 63 29-33. 

Resveratrol (1) could be biotransformed by Botrytis cinerea (a fungal grapevine pathogen) into resveratrol ( )-dehydrodimer (553), resveratrol (Z)-dehydrodimer (556), pallidol, leachianol F (515), and restrytisols A-C (547-549) [249,250]. It has been proved that intestinal bacteria in animals could reductively metabolize stilbene oxide to the corresponding alkenes [380]. 

Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, R.M. 

Schubert R, Fischer R, Hain R, Schreier PH, Bahnweg G, Ernst D, Sandermann HJr. 1997. An ozone-responsive region of the grapevine resveratrol synthase promoter differs from the basal pathogen-responsive sequence. Plant Mol Biol 34 417-426. 

Sbaghi M, Jeandet P, Bessis R, Leroux P. 1996. Degradation of stilbene-type phytoalexins in relation to the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea to grapevines. Plant Pathol 45 139-144. 

Liliaceae), and Festuca versuta (Gramineae). Constitutive overexpression of a grapevine stilbene synthase gene in tobacco and alfalfa resulted in increased resistance to pathogens.219,278... 

Aureobasidium pullulans, a common dimorphic endophyte of grapevine [305] and saprophyte on plant leaves, occurs in addition as an allergenic fungus [297, 307] and as a rare opportunistic pathogen in humans, where it caused keratitis, pulmonary infection, systemic infections, cutaneous infection, peritonitis, and invasive mycosis in an AIDS patient [80]. Complete 18S as well as partial 26 S rDNA sequences corroborate a relationship of Aureobasidium species with Dothideales (fig. 3) [16, 89, 300]. 

Ferreira, R.B., Monteiro, S., Pifarra-Pereira, M.A., Teixeira, A.R. (2004). Engineering grapevine for increased resistance to fungal pathogens without compromising wine stability. Trends BiotechnoL, 22, 168-173. 

Renault, A.S., Deloire, A., Bierne, J. (1996). Pathogenesis-related proteins in grapevines induced by salicylic acid and Botrytis cinerea. Vitis, 35, 49-52 Robert, N., Roche, K., Lebeau, Y., Breda, C., Boulay, M., Esnault, R., Buflfard, D. (2002). Expression of grapevine chitinase genes in berries and leaves infected by fungal or bacterial pathogens. Plant Sci., 162, 389-400... 

Du Pont has recently launched proquinazid as the market products Talius and Talendo to control powdery mildew infections in the cereal and the grapevine sectors. With its new mode of action and its preventative ability, the active ingredient allows for excellent residual pathogen control. 

Pathogenic fimgi of the genus Botrytis (B. cinerea, B. cacao) are capable of infecting leaves, flowers and fruits of diverse cultures, for example, the grapevine, strawberry or cocoa bean. Therefore, they produce considerable damage in agriculture. Meanwhile, when the infection occurs at a favorable moment at the end of the season, B. cinerea also has beneficial effects it is, therefore, named noble rot and leads to the elaboration of renowned sweet wines like Sauteme or Tokay. 

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