Grape stilbenoids

Gonzalez-Barrio R, Beltran D, Cantos E, Gil MI, Espin JC and Tomas-Barberan F A. 2006. Comparison of ozone and UV-C treatments on the postharvest stilbenoid monomer, dimer, and trimer induction in var. Superior white table grapes. J Agric Food Chem 54(12) 4222 t228. 

In grapes, and derived food products (grape juice, wine), the presence of the antioxidant stilbenoid resveratrol (Fig. 5) has also been reported [23-26]. 

Waffo-Teguo, P., Hawthorne, M.E., Cuendet, M., Merillon, J.M., Kinghom, A.D., Pezzuto, J.M., and Mehta, R.G., Potential cancer-chemopreventive activities of wine stilbenoids and flavans extracted from grape (Vitis vinifem) cell cultures, Nutr. Cancer, 40 (2), 173-179,2001. 

Polyphenolics are important constituents of grapes in determining the color, taste, and body of wines. Unlike other alcoholic beverages, red wine, which is obtained after about 10 days of maceration, contains phenolic compounds in substantial concentrations of up to 4 g L . Due to the lower maceration time, white and rose wines contain about a tenth of the polyphenol levels of red wines [1]. Among these compounds, stilbenoids constitute an important subclass, whose overall levels can reach over 100 mg in red wine. Resveratrol is one of the major stilbenoids of red wine with numerous promising biological activities. 

Over the last 100 years, the grapevine Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae), the primary source of wine, has been the subject of numerous chemical studies. While stilbenoids are found in a number of plant species [19], grapes and related products are the most significant dietary source of these substances [20]. Stilbenoids are non-flavonoid polyphenols with an essential structural skeleton of two aromatic rings joined by an ethylene bridge (C6-C2-C6). Over 1,000 stilbenoids have been... 

Total stilbenoid concentration was calculated taking into account just piceids and resveratrol (the major ones) and resulted higher for red than for white grapes [23]. Total stilbenoid concentration can reach 8.5 and 22 mg/kg fw in white and red grapes, respectively (Table 83.1). 

Resveratrol (Fig. 4), a bioactive stilbenoid found in nuts and wine from red grapes, has antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties (Labinskyy et al, 2006). It also inhibits carcinogenesis in animal models of breast cancer (Whitsett et al, 2006). Muscadine grape skin extract causes phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Akt-dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer cell Unes, but not prostate epithelial cells (Hudson et al, 2007). This is different from res-veratrol s effects in the prostate cancer cells which are concentrated on inhibition of the... 

The greatest amounts of stilbenes in vineyard and wine production residues are found in grape skins, which contains mainly fran -resveratrol and piceid (its 3-0- 3-glucoside) [114]. These compounds, in addition to viniferins and a minor stilbenoid... 

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