Granule preparation, roller compaction

Within the pharmaceutical industry, granulation is a widely used process to prepare drug substance and excipient particles for compression. " There are wet and dry granulation procedures herein high shear wet grannlation, fluid bed granulation and roller compaction will be discussed. 

Tribasic calcium phosphate occurs naturally as the minerals hydroxylapatite, voelicherite, and whitlockite. Commercially, it is prepared by treating phosphate-containing rock with sulfuric acid. Tribasic calcium phosphate powder is then precipitated by the addition of calcium hydroxide. Tribasic calcium phosphate is alternatively prepared by treating calcium hydroxide from limestone with purified phosphoric acid. It may also be obtained from calcined animal bones.Some tribasic calcium phosphate products may be prepared in coarser, directly compressible forms by granulating the powder using roller compaction or spray drying. 

Other herbal materials prepared by roller compaction included St. John s wort (22) and Eschscholtzia californica Cham (23). Tableting of the granulated extract markedly reduced the problems associated with dust and material feed as well as the incidence of capping. Tablets produced from granulated extracts disintegrated three limes faster than those tabletted from the powder blend. Hygroscopicity of . californica Cham, extracts decreased after roller compaction due to decreased material surface area. 

Malkowska S, Khan KA. Lentle R, Marchant J, Eiger G. Effect of lecompression on the properties of tablets prepared by moist granulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1983 3) 349. Hariharan M, Wowchuk C, Nkansah P, Gupta VK. Effect of formulation composition on the properties of controlled release tablets prepared by roller compaction. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2004 130 565-72. 

Soh JLP, Wang F, Boersen N, etal. Modeling the effects of raw material properties and operating parameters on ribbon and granule properties prepared in roller compaction using multivariate data analysis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. Submitted. 

PVP Concentration. The effect of binder concentration on the properties of granules and tablets prepared by roller compaction is dependent on other processing parameters including feed rate, roll pressure, and speed. Increasing the binder level increases tablet hardness and decreases their friability due to the... 

Figure 3 Plot of d90 and d50 values for the 10% tolmetin granules versus the slope of best-fit line showing good agreement between the values from the compacts prepared under two different sets of roller compactor roll/HFS/VFS speed settings.

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