Granulation continuous

Mixer-granulators Continuous high-shear (e.g., Shugi mixer) Batch high-shear (e.g., vertical mixer) 0.1-0.5 0.1-2 Low Moderate to high Up to 50 tons/h Up to 500-kg batch Handles cohesive materials, both batch and continuous, as well as viscous binders and nonwettable powders Fluid-bed, tray, or vacuum/ microwave on-pot drying Chemicals, detergents, clays, carbon black Pharmaceuticals, ceramics, clays... 

Drums Disks Mixer granulators Continuous high shear 0.1-2 Low... 

Table 6 Impact of Key Operating Variables in Pharmaceutical Granulation (Continued)...

Shingles - asphalt (sm. ceramic-coated rock granules) (continued) ... 

Place about 1 g. of the nitro-hydrocarbon in a boiling-tube and add 5 ml. of cone. HCl and several pieces of granulated tin. Warm the mixture and shake continuously to break up the oily drops of the nitro-compound. When all the oil has disappeared (about 3 minutes heating) pour off the liquid from any undissolved tin into a 100 ml. conical flask. Cool and add cautiously 30% aqueous NaOH solution until the precipitate formed redissolves to give a dark-coloured solution. Cool the latter thoroughly and shake well with about 15 ml. of ether. Separate the ethereal layer in a separating-funnel, wash with water and evaporate the ether in a basin on a previously heated water-bath in a fume-cupboard atoay from all flames. The residue is either... 

In the continuous process for producing phosphatidylcholine fractions with 70—96% PC at a capacity of 600 t/yr (Pig. 5) (16), lecithin is continuously extracted with ethanol at 80°C. After separation the ethanol-insoluble fraction is separated. The ethanol-soluble fraction mns into a chromatography column and is eluted with ethanol at 100°C. The phosphatidylcholine solution is concentrated and dried. The pure phosphatidylcholine is separated as dry sticky material. This material can be granulated (17). 

The gaseous ammonia is passed through electrostatic precipitators for particulate removal and mixed with the cooled gas stream. The combined stream flows to the ammonia absorber where the ammonia is recovered by reaction with a dilute solution of sulfuric acid to form ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate precipitates as small crystals after the solution becomes saturated and is withdrawn as a slurry. The slurry is further processed in centrifuge faciHties for recovery. Crystal size can be increased by employing one of two processes (99), either low differential controUed crystallization or mechanical size enlargement by continuous compacting and granulation. 

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