Thioglucose gold

Baker, M. A. and Tappel, A.L. (1986) Effect of gold thioglucose on subcellular selenium distribution in rat liver and kidney. Biological Trace Element Research, 9, 113-123. 

The reaction cycle depicted in Figure 3 proposes that the enzyme with a free selenolate reacts with T4 to produce T3 and an enzyme-iodide intermediate. The selenolate is regenerated and the iodide released by reaction with reduced glutathione. The model also explains the inhibitory actions of gold thioglucose, which reacts with the selenolate, and of propylthiouracil, which releases the iodide from the enzyme-iodide intermediate and forms an enzyme-propylthiouracil-selenadisulfide. 

Figure 3 Reaction cycle catalyzed by the type I tetraiodothyronine deiodinase. T4 = 3,3, 5,5 -tetraiodothyronine T3 = 3,3, 5-triiodo-thyronine Au+ = gold thioglucose PU-SH = propylthiouracil...

Yao K, Uchigata Y, Kyono H, Yokoyama H, Eguchi Y, Fukushima H, Yamauchi K, Hirata Y. Human insulin-specific immunoglobulin G antibody and hypoglycemic attacks after the injection of gold thioglucose. J Endocrinol Invest 1992 15(l) 43-7. 

Manthorpe R, Bendixen G. Auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis Use in patients with side-effect or lack of effect to gold sodium thiomalate or gold thioglucose and/or D-penicillamine. Scand J Rheumatol 1988 17 401-405. 

It is well accepted that hyperphagia, the increased consumption of a high-fat diet and hyperinsulinemia contribute to the development of obesity. We designed two animal models of obesity gold thioglucose (GTG)-induced obesity and high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. We examined the anti-obesity effects of natural products in these models. 

Fig. 1. Activity and expression of TrxRl in TrxRl-overexpressing cells. (A) The activity of TrxRl was determined by reduction rate of DTNB, the substrate of TrxR. (B) The relative TrxR activity in corresponding cell extracts after correction for the DTNB reduction in the presence of gold thioglucose. indicates P<0.05 vs. neo cells. (C, D) A typical Western blot of the TrxRl protein levels and relative expression of TrxRl in the two cell lines...

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