Gold colloids formation

Holt KB, Sabin G, Compton RG et al (2002) Reduction of tetrachloroaureate(III) at boron-doped diamond electrodes gold deposition versus gold colloid formation. Electroanalysis 14 797-803... 

A detailed study of gold colloid formation from inverse micelles and inverse microemulsions (the former showing much better potentiality) was reported by Wilcoxon etal. [235]. As a variety of starting chemicals was examined, it may be useful to list them up, as this would provide the reader with the wide spectrum of possibilities in gold colloid synthetic protocols. 

Ultrasound was also applied for short periods of time to prevent the temperature of the solution in the electrochemical cell from rising above room temperature (T = 25 5 °C) during gold deposition/stripping and gold colloid formation [48]. 

Application of amphiphilic block copolymers for nanoparticle formation has been developed by several research groups. R. Schrock et al. prepared nanoparticles in segregated block copolymers in the sohd state [39] A. Eisenberg et al. used ionomer block copolymers and prepared semiconductor particles (PdS, CdS) [40] M. Moller et al. studied gold colloidals in thin films of block copolymers [41]. M. Antonietti et al. studied noble metal nanoparticle stabilized in block copolymer micelles for the purpose of catalysis [36]. Initial studies were focused on the use of poly(styrene)-folock-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) copolymers prepared by anionic polymerization and its application for noble metal colloid formation and stabilization in solvents such as toluene, THF or cyclohexane (Fig. 6.4) [42]. 

Under different reaction conditions, both thiol-ssDNA and -dsDNA stabilize gold colloids, but possible nonspecific interactions between the hydrophobic DNA bases and the gold surface have been observed. Moreover, interparticle interactions are promoted by the formation of hydrogen bonds between DNA bases causing aggregation within a rather short period of time.194... 

Chow MK, Zukoski CF (1994) Gold sol formation mechanisms role of colloidal stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 165 97-109... 

FIGURE 32. Formation of thiol-capped gold colloids... 

FIGURE 33. Formation of a cross-linked bilayer on the surface of the gold colloid. Reprinted with permission from Reference 329. Copyright (1997) American Chemical Society... 

Chow M K and Zukoski C F 1994 Gold sol formation mechanism role of colloidal stability J. Coll. Int. Scl. 

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