Glycyrrhizin derivatives

Definition Obtained by extraction from ammoniated glycyrrhizin, derived from roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Empirical C42H65NO16 5H2O Properties Wh. powder sweet taste sol. in ammonia insol. in glacial acetic acid m.w. 839.91... 

Ammonium glycyrrhizinate [53956-04-0] (AG), C42H N02g, is a flavor enhancer derived from Hcorice root. It is approximately 50 times sweeter than sucrose and is often used to enhance sweetness in a wide variety of food products (56). Maltol [118-71 -8] C H O, and ethyl maltol [4940-11-8], CyHgO, are used as flavor enhancers in products such as cake mixes, confections, cookies, ice cream, fmit juices, puddings, and beverages (57). 

Sulfated polysaccharides Ingenol derivatives Flavonoids Glycyrrhizin... 

Carbenoxolone derives from the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizinic acid after its extraction from licorice root. Carbenoxolone was the first drug found to accelerate peptic ulcer healing by a mechanism not involving the inhibition of acid secretion. Several mechanisms of action have been proposed as follows to explain the pharmacological activity of carbenoxolone ... 

Those that have been identified in recent times include flavonoids,212-214 aurothiomalate,215 hydrangenol,216 occurring in the leaves of Hydrangea, tannins,217 derivatives of tranilast,218 curcumin,219 an extract of the spice turmeric, glycyrrhizin,220 found in the roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), used as an effective antiinflamatory agent in Chinese medicine. 

Increasing research has developed several new noncaloric sweeteners the dihydrochalcone group of disaccharide, glycyrrhizin (licorice extract), especially its ammoniated derivative dulcin (4-ethoxy-phenylurea), the glycoprotein of miracle fruit and a polypeptide from a tropical fruit called the serendipity berry, said to be 3000 times sweeter than sucrose. Aspartame (C14H18N205) has been approved by FDA. 

Fig. (4 a). The structure-activity relationship of glycyrrhizin (GLR)-derivatives blended with (closed symbols) or without (open symbols) paeoniflorin (PF) on the phrenic nerve-stimulated twitch response in mouse diaphragm. Percentage inhibition of twitch responses is plotted against the log-concentration of the GLR-derivative. PF was combined with GLR or GLR-related compounds at the same molar ratio of concentrations. I deoxyglycyrrhetol dihemisuccinate disodium, 11 deoxyglycyrrhetol dihemiphthalate disodium, and III glycyrrhetinic acid hemiphthalate disodium. 

Sasaki, Y., K. Mizutani, R. Kasai, and O. Tanaka Solubilizing Properties of Glycyrrhizin and Its Derivatives Solubilization of Saikosaponin-a, the Saponin of Bupleuri Radix. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Japan), 36, 3491 (1988). 

A prediction of the activity of pure pharmacons and pharmacon clathrates with glycyrrhizinic acid with molar compositions of 1 1,1 2,1 3 and 1 4 was performed in the normal and risk strategies using training sets for the antioxidant and antiarrhythmic activity of condensed azole derivatives (see Sect. 3 and 4). The values of the membership functions for the classes of active and highly active compounds, as well the ranks of these values in ascending order, served as a metric of the expected activity. The conservative strategy was not employed due to the nonstandard strac-tures of the predicted compounds. 

Also in the field of glucosyl disaccharides the 1,2-linked derivative (82) of glycyrrhizin was synthesized together with seven analogues comprising different disaccharides, and their cytoprotective effects on CCl4-induced hepatic injury indicated that a terminal D-glucuronosyl unit is an important feature for positive activity. ... 

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