Glucose threshold

Glucosuria Occurs When the Renal Threshold for Glucose Is Exceeded... 

Estimate the parameters (pmax, Ks, kd and Y) for each operating temperature. Use the portion of the data where glucose is above the threshold value of 0.1 g/L that corresponds approximately to the exponential growth period of the batch cultures. 

Investigations of pure cultures of bacteria clearly show the existence of a threshold concentration for the carbon source below which replication does not occur. This value is about 18 pg/1 for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp. growing on glucose, 180 pg/1 for Aeromonas hydrophila growing on starch,... 

Hypomania Hypomania has been the most common severe psychiatric side effect reported. This has been largely limited to patients in whom disorders characterized by hyperkinetic symptoms coexist with, but are obscured by, depressive affect. Diabetes There is conflicting evidence as to whether MAOIs affect glucose metabolism or potentiate hypoglycemic agents. Consider this if used in diabetics. Epilepsy The effect of MAOIs on the convulsive threshold may vary. Do not use with metrizamide discontinue MAOl 48 hours or more prior to myelography and resume 24 hours postprocedure. 

The processes of selective reabsorption of nutrients and xenobiotics goes on within the complex tubule system. 98-99% of filtered materials (salts, water, sugars, amino acids) are eventually reabsorbed by passive or active transport. Biomolecules such as glucose and amino acids are entirely reabsorbed if their concentrations are within the normal range in the blood. However, should the concentrations be higher than normal, those molecules might not be completely reabsorbed because they have exceeded the ability of the nephron transport systems to accommodate them. This is referred to as exceeding the renal threshold. Urine is therefore a convenient body fluid to assay for the initial assessment of metabolic or excretory system malfunctions. 

A. Actions of some of the glucoregulatory hormones in response to low blood glucose. B. Glycemic thresholds for the various resposes to hypoglycemia. + = Weak stimulation ++ = moderate stimulation +++ = strong stimulation 0 = no effect. 

A striking symptom of diabetes is the high blood glucose level which may range from 8 to 60 mM. Lower values are more typical for mild diabetes because when the glucose concentration exceeds the renal threshold of 8 mM the excess is secreted into the urine. Defective utilization of glucose seems to be tied to a failure of glucose to exert proper... 

Whatever the site of the enzyme may be, Keston et al. have recently produced fairly conclusive evidence that glucose, which is reabsorbed by the kidney, is exposed to mutarotase at some stage of the process (117). Glucose infused into the renal artery spills into urine when the renal threshold is exceeded in the same anomeric form as that administered, whereas reabsorbed glucose in the renal vein is mutarotated. Hill has also shown that the anomer infused in excess is excreted in excess (73). 

There are various references to this condition also noting urine that is sweet, owing to the discharge of glucose when blood levels rise above a threshold for a particular patient. In China, the brilliant physician Zhang Zhongjing noted around AD 200 the malady of thirst. 1... 

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