Glucose degradation

Mosier, N.S., Ladisch, C.M., Ladisch, M.R., Characterization of add catalytic domains for cellulose hydrolysis and glucose degradation, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2002, 79, 618. 

Alhamdani, M. S. S., Al-Kassir, A. H. A. M., Abbas, F. K. H., Jaleel, N. A., and Al-Taee, M. F. (2007a). Antiglycating and antioxidant effect of carnosine against glucose degradation products in peritoneal mesothelial cells. Nephron Clin. Prad. 107, 26-34. 

A. Control of glucose degradation is accomplished by the regulation of key enzymes in the pathway (Table 6-2). 

For each molecule of glucose degraded to pyruvate, two molecules of ATP are generated from ADP and Pj. We can now resolve the equation of glycolysis into two processes—the conversion of glucose to pyruvate, which is exergonic ... 

D. J. Millar, P. J. Thomalley, C. Holmes, and A. Dawnay, In vitro kinetics of AGE formation with PD fluid resembles that of glucose degradation products rather than glucose, in G, 2002, 475 177. 

A. Dawney, A.P. Wieslander, and D.J. Millar, Role of glucose degradation products in the generation of characteristic AGE fluorescence in peritoneal dialysis fluid in F, 1998, 333-338. 

Some eukaryotes can survive hypoxia by using simple fermentations in which the electrons from glycolysis are transferred to pyruvate or a derivative of it. Many variations of this type of fermentation exist, resulting in end products such as lactate or ethanol (Fig. 5.1). The formation of lactate produces 2 mol of ATP per glucose degraded, is found in all phyla, and it is the sole anaerobic pathway of evolutionarily more advanced species like arthropoda and vertebrates (Livingstone 1991). 

There is a sufficient decrease in the free energy of glucose to couple the process of glucose degradation with the substrate-level phosphorylation of two molecules of ADP, which is an endergonic reaction ... 

Cytoplasmic NADH is produced in glycolysis at Step 6, so a high concentration of this reduced cofactor implies a high-energy state of the cell thus, an increase in the rate of glucose degradation... 

For organisms where the predominant pathway is the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, fructose-1,6-bis-P is not a major metabolite in glucose degradation (because glucose-6-P is converted first into 6-P-gluconate and then to 2-keto,3-deoxy,6-P-gluconate) the activators for their ADPGlc PPase are fructose-6-P and pyruvate (Preiss, 1969, 1984 Preiss and Romeo, 1989). 

From the postulated fermentation pathway (Fig. 14) it is probable that glucose degradation to pyruvate is not coupled with net ATP synthesis. Thus, ADP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetase appears to be the only energy-conserving site during maltose (and pyruvate) fermentation, which is in accordance with the growth yield data [294,295]. The enzyme... 

Answer Rate-determining reaction or Rate-limiting step A pathway for glucose degradation that yields ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH is the. ... 

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