Glucocorticoids prednisolone acetate

Brand Name(s) AK-Pred, Cotolone, Depo-Predate, Hydeltrasol, Inflamase Forte, Infla-mase Mild, Key-Pred, Key-Pred SP, Orapred, Predacort 50, Predaject-50, Predate-50, Pred Forte, Pred-Ject-50, Pred Mild, Prednisolone Acetate, Prelone Chemical Class Glucocorticoid, synthetic... 

Glucocorticoids that have been used for local ophthalmic treatment include medrysone, fluorometholone, tetrahy-droxytriamcinolone, and clobetasone. Loteprednol etabo-nate 0.5% increases intraocular pressure less than dexamethasone. Studies on animal models of uveitis and two randomized double-masked trials showed that loteprednol etabonate 0.5% was less potent than dexamethasone, prednisolone acetate 1%, or fluorometholone, which may partly explain the improved toxicity profile of loteprednol etabonate (429). 

An 11-year-old boy with iridocyclitis developed Cushing s syndrome, a posterior subcapsular cataract, and increased intraocular pressure in both eyes after the topical administration of prednisolone acetate 1% eye-drops bilaterally for 6 months. The Cushing s syndrome was aggravated when periocular methylpredni-solone acetate was started while bilateral posterior subtenon injections of 80 mg of suspension were continued every 6 weeks for 6 months. He had not used systemic glucocorticoids before. 

The anti-inflammatory potencies of betamethasone and dexamethasone exceed that of prednisolone. However, because of the facility with which prednisolone acetate crosses the cornea, a 1% solution is generally regarded as the drug of choice for the topical treatment of anterior uveitis in the horse, although comparable clinical results can be achieved using 0.1% dexamethasone in alcohol preparations. The frequency of application of topical glucocorticoids is largely determined by the severity and the nature of the clinical problem... 

ScHEEFFABTH and co-workers [138] have used TLC to investigate the elimination of prednisolone and its metabolites in duodenal juice. Prednisolone acetate is eliminated by healthy fivers but not by patients with fiver damage. The formation of glucocorticoid acetates can again be demonstrated after normalisation of the pathological fiver function tests. 

System (3) is a specific method for simultaneously measuring cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, and prednisolone as endogenous glucocorticoids in plasma [151]. A 1 mL sample is extracted with 9 mL of 2 1 dichloromethane-ethyl ether. The extract is washed once with 2 mL of O.IM HCl, twice with 2 mL of O.IM NaOH, and dexamethasone is added as the internal standard. The column is 5 pm silica gel (25 cm x 3.2 mm), and the mobile phase is 1937 20 42 1 dichloromethane-tetrahydrofuran-methanol-anhydrous acetic acid eluted at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min. Detection is by UV absorbance UV at 254 nm, and a limit of detection of 10 pg/L has been repotted. 

Cortisone is a corticosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex. It has glucocorticoid activity, as well as appreciable mineralocorticoid activity 25 mg cortisone acetate is equivalent in anti-inflammatory activity to about 5 mg prednisolone. 

The ocular bioavailability of topical glucocorticoid formulations varies significantly. Lipid-soluble alcohol and ester preparations penetrate intact conjunctival and corneal epithelium readily and rapidly reach therapeutic levels in the anterior chamber of the normal eye. Water-soluble phosphate preparations are retarded by intact corneal epithelium in the normal eye and are generally used in the management of ocular surface disease. However, it has been shown in experimental animals that the intraocular levels of topically applied prednisolone phosphate exceed that of the acetate preparation in the acutely inflamed eye. 

A -cortisol prednisolone, cortisone (ban. inn] (cortisone acetate [usan] Kendall s compound E Reichstein s Substance Fa Wintersteiner s compound F NSC 9703 Cortisyl ) is a natural adrenal cortical hormone, a CORTICOSTEROID, which is converted to hydrocortisone in the liver. It has both GLUCOCORTICOID and MINERALOCORTICOID activity. It can therefore be used orally to make up for hormonal deficiency (especially mineral balance), for instance, following surgical removal of the adrenal glands. It can also be used for its ANTIINFLAMMATORY and ANTIALLERGIC properties in treating rheumatoid arthritis and in rheumatic fever therapy, cortisone acetate cortisone. 

Glucocorticoids used for other routes include betamethasones (Celestone), cortisone acetate (Cortone acetate, Cortistan), dexamethasone (Decadron), hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone), methylprednisolone (Medrol, Solu-Medtol, Depo-Medrol) and prednisolone, prednisone, and triamcinolone (Aristocort, Kenacort, Azmacort). 

Dexamethasone 21-acetate (9-a-fluoro-16-a-methylprednisolone-21-acetate, prednisolone F acetate) [1177-87-3] M 434.5, m 215-225°, 229-231°, [a] +77.6° (c 1, dioxane), +73° (c 1, CHCI3). Dexamethasone 21-acetate is purified on neutral AI2O3 using CHCI3 as eluent, the fractions are evaporated, and the residue is recrystallised from CHCI3. Store it below 8°. It has 239nm (s 14,900) in EtOH. It is a glucocorticoid... 

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