Duodenal juice

By the use of paper chromotography, an investigation61 of the amino acid composition of the duodenal juice from 10 individuals has revealed that in each case a distinctive and relatively constant amino acid pattern is exhibted. Fifty-six patients62 with various pathological conditions (in gall bladder and liver) were also studied in the same way with similar results. Evidence was found that certain pathologies were associated with specific characteristics of the patterns. 

The fact that amino acid excretion patterns (p. 111), amino acid salivary patterns (p. 65), and amino acid duodenal juice patterns (p. 68) are distinctive for each individual is in line with the idea of distinctive needs. That there are wide ranges (presumably distinctive for each individual) in the content of blood plasma (p. 60) with respect to individual amino acid points in the same direction. 

In rats, esophagojejunostomy with total gastrectomy 97 to induce reflux of duodenal juice alone resulted in BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma in 16 weeks without any carcinogen. 

Rate of dissolution of the formulation (tablet/cap-sule) in gastric or duodenal juice... 

CLA Formation in Nonruminant Animals. CLA has been detected in the serum, bile and duodenal juice of humans (7 ). It has been confirmed that both the cis-9, trans-11 and trans-9, trans-11 CLA isomers are present in human depot fats (79). 

Chamey, J. and Tomarelli, R.M. 1947. A colorimetric method for the detennination of the proteolytic activity of duodenal juice. J. Biol. Chem. 171 501-505. 

Einarsson R, Renck B, Taudorf E In vitro studies of degradation of birch and timothy pollen alleigen preparations by human duodenal juice. Allergy 1988 43 469 475. 

Cacboxylester lipase is present in higher amounts, expressed as protein mass, than other lipolytic enzymes in duodenal juice [431. The enzyme is coded On a polymorphic locus on human chromosome 9 [44,45] and consists of a single chain with a molecular weight varying according to the species for example,... 

The Lundh test also includes intestinal intubation and direct measurement of enzyme output in duodenal juice but uses a standardized test meal as a pancreatic stimulus. Because this test requires release of physiological regulatory mediators from the duodenal mucosa, it is less specific than the SC test and may render falsepositive results in intestinal diseases such as celiac sprue. 

Muller, D.P. and Ghale, G.K. (1982) Stability of pancreatic enzyme activities in duodenal juice after pancreatic stimulation by a test meal or exogenous hormones. Ann. 

Duodenal juice Bowel juice Placenta Intestine Lung Kidney Bone Bile Spleen Liver... 

Fischer and Abderhalden, in 1905, extended these observations by investigating the effect of pancreatic juice prepared by Pawlow from a pancreatic fistula and activated by enterokinase from duodenal juice,... 

Polarographical examinations were performed, apart from the biological fluids already discussed separately, also of lymph, transudates, exudates, blister fluids, aqueous humor, tears, saliva, gastric and duodenal juices, sperm, uterine cervical secret, sweat, and tissues. 

Duodenal juice has not been polarographically examined yet, as far as we know. We verified the fact that similarly as in serum, the BrdiCka filtrate reaction is also feasible in duodenal juice, yielding well-developed... 

In duodenal juice trypsin may be determined as follows to 4 ml of 0.1 Af glycine buffer solution, pH 8.5, add 1 ml of 3% aqueous solution of albumin and 0.5 ml of duodenal juice suitably diluted with the same buffer solution (as a rule, 1 70). Withdraw two 2.0-ml samples to the first add immediately 2.0 ml of 20% sulfosalicylic acid solution, and filter. Incubate the second sample at 37°C for 2 hr, and then add 2.0 ml of 20% sulfosalicylic acid solution, and filter. Of each filtrate, add 0.5 ml to 2.5-ml portions of Brdi6ka Co solution, and polarograph (as a rule at the sensitivity 1/500-1/1000). 

Figure 39. Example of trypsin determination in duodenal juice.

Two intermediate hosts as for Clonorchis sinensis. - Occurrence especially in cats and dogs in the bile and pancreas ducts, also in human beings (liver distomatosis), Memel delta, Russia, Tongking, France, Italy. - Diagnosis Detection of eggs in native stool or preparation of duodenal juice enrichment may be necessary. 

Cawood, P., Wickens, D.G., Iversen, S.A., Braganza, J.M., and Dormandy, T.L. (1993) The Nature of Diene Conjugation in Human Serum, Bile and Duodenal Juice, FEES Lett. 162, 239-243. 

Weickeb and collaborators [182] have studied the hpids in normal and in strongly chylous duodenal secretions obtained from a patient with exsudative enteropathy by means of a double baUoon tube principaUy neutral fats along with phospholipids and cholesterol could be detected with the help of TLC. Oleic acid, labehed with was introduced into the jejunum and 15 min later it was already possible with the help of TLC to detect active phosphohpids in the duodenal juice. With two healthy subjects, this increase in activity in the duodenal secretion took place only after 2 hours and was much less than with the patients suffering from enteropathy. Williams and co-workers [192] have investigated the hpid composition of faeces and faecohths from the appendix and foimd chiefly free fatty acids. The faecal sterols are mentioned below in section 4,... 

ScHEEFFABTH and co-workers [138] have used TLC to investigate the elimination of prednisolone and its metabolites in duodenal juice. Prednisolone acetate is eliminated by healthy fivers but not by patients with fiver damage. The formation of glucocorticoid acetates can again be demonstrated after normalisation of the pathological fiver function tests. 

After Uvnas had established that gastrin is released from the antrum by vagal impulses, he made active extracts from cat, dog, and hog antrum. Three out of 15 duodenal extracts from human tissue were also active. Uvnas achieved no further chemical characterization, except to find that his preparations were inactivated by commercial pepsin and by duodenal juice. ... 

Cohen, Morgan, and Hofmann obtained gastric juice by tube from 73 normal human subjects, and they said their samples were less than 3% contaminated with duodenal juice. They measured the lipolytic activity of their samples against that of triolein emulsified with sodium taurocholate at pH 6, having previously found a broad optimum between pH 2 and 6 with that substrate. They said the pH optimum was lower with shorter-chain triglycerides as substrates. When trioctanoin was the substrate, lipolysis was inhibited by added octanoate. This, they said, is in part explained by the fact that hydrolysis of the substrate was incomplete, for octanoate can accumulate at the oil-water interface of the emulsion. Hydrolysis of triglycerides of shorter chain length was more complete, for the liberated fatty acid could diffuse more rapidly into the aqueous phase. 

Cohen M, Morgan GRH, Hofmann AF. Lipolytic activity of human gastric and duodenal juice against medium and long-chain triglycerides. Gastroenterology 60 1-15, 1970. 

Factors affecting the Phadebas amylase test as performed on samples of plasma, urine, and duodenal juice have been discussed and the importance of performing suitable blank determinations emphasized. A new method for the quantitative determination of a- and i3-amylase activities in amylolytic preparations involves the use of unmodified amylose as substrate for the determination of total (a + /3) activity, and the use of amylose cross-linked with epichlorohydrin for the determination of a-amylolytic activity alone. In each case the maltose produced is measured using 2,4-dinitrosalicylate rea nt. 

From an examination of a large number of cases of persistent steatorrhea (coeliac disease) in children, Anderson found two additional objective findings of importance. There were (1) a deficiency of amylase in the duodenal juice and (2) an excess of starch in the feces when starch was given. Difficulty in digesting starch was a constant finding in this condition, and these observations have been used to suggest the rationale for a diet high in protein, low in starch, and with abundant vitamins. Such a diet appears to be well tolerated. 

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