Glioblastoma treatment

Temozolomide crosses the blood brain barrier and can be used for the treatment of brain tumors (e.g., glioblastoma multiforme). The most common side effects are nausea and vomiting. 

In addition to their inherent self-sustaining properties, brain tumor stem cells may be more resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy than other tumor cells. Bao et al. (2006) found glioma stem cells (CD133+) were relatively radioresistant compared to CD133- tumor cells and preferentially activated the DNA damage checkpoint response. This relative resistance to standard treatment approaches of tumor stem cells compared to the majority of other cells within a tumor may underlie our current inability to cure patients with aggressive brain tumors such as glioblastoma. 

BCNU-Loaded Polyanhydride Discs for Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforma... 

Liposomal doxorubicin also received initial approval on the basis of response rafe in patients with refractory cancer followed up with a randomized trial of the agent vs. topotecan. The alkylating agent temozolomide was approved in a Phase 11 trial for treatment of patients with anaplastic astrocytoma. Of note is that, although not yet filed for full approval, temozolomide has been recently added on to radiation therapy (e.g., a major trial of radiation therapy with or without temozolomide) for patients with glioblastoma multiforme. The result of this trial showed a major improvement in survival for patients treated with the radiation plus temozolomide vs. those treated with radiation therapy alone (median survival 15 vs. 12 months, p < 0.0001 and 1 year survival 26 vs. 8%, p < 0.0001).25... 

Yazaki T, Ahmad S, Chahlavi A, Zylber-Katz E, Dean NM, Rabldn SD, Martuza RL, Glazer RI (1996) Treatment of glioblastoma U-S7 by systemic administration of an antisense protein kinase C-dpha phosphorothiate oligodeoxynucleotide. Mol Pharmacol 50 236-242... 

Lefranc F, Brotchi J, Kiss R (2005) Possible future issues in the treatment of glioblastomas special emphasis on cell migration and the resistance of migrating glioblastoma cells to apoptosis. J Clin Oncol 23 2411-2422... 

The Scandinavian Glioblastoma Study Group reported the results of a prospective randomized trial for patients with grades II-IV supratentorial astrocytoma to evaluate the results of radiation therapy and combined chemoradiation treatment in the postoperative setting (4). One hundred eighteen patients were randomized to one of three groups ... 

Wallner KE, Galicich JH, Krol G, Arbit E, Malkin MG. Patterns of failure following treatment for glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. Int J Oncol Biol Phys 1989 16 1405. 

HVJ liposomes have been effective for the treatment of cancers. Glioblastoma is a severe type of brain tumor associated with rapid and extensive metastasis, and a gene therapy for disseminated glioblastoma is desirable. All mice injected with glioblastoma died, and the survival time was dependent on the number of cancer cells injected. After dissemination of mouse glioblastoma cells into mouse... 

E. Zylber-Katz, N.M. Dean, S.D. Rabkin, R.L. Martuza, and R.I. Glazer. 1996.Treatment of glioblastoma U-87 by systemic administration of an antisense protein kinase C-a phosphorothioate oligodeoxy-nucleotide. Mol. Pharmacol. 50 ... 

Gliadel is a biodegradable polyanhydride implant composed of poly[bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) propane sebacic acid] in a 20 80 monomer ratio, for the delivery of carmustine. The implant is indicated in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) which is the most common and fatal type of brain cancer. 

Although the efficiency of transfection was 18.6% in vivo after intratumoral injection of DNA liposomal complexes, the sensitivity to ganciclovir was improved as tumor weight induction was observed. In 2001, the FDA approved a clinical protocol relevant to liposomal gene therapy with the HSVtk/GCV system for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme [408],... 

Voges, J., Weber, F., Reszka, R., Sturm, V., Jacobs, A., Heiss, W. D., Wiestler, O., and Kapp, J. F. (2002), Clinical protocol Liposomal gene therapy with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene/ganciclovir system for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, Hum. Gene Ther., 13, 675-685. 

Buie LW, Valgus J (2008) Bevacizumab a treatment option for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Ann Pharmacother 42 1486-1490... 

Chamberlain MC (2008) Antiangiogenic blockage a new treatment for glioblastoma. Expert Opin BiolTher 8 1449-1453... 

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