Glasses harmonic generation

Squier, J. A., Muller, M., Brakenhoff, G. J., and Wilson, K. R. 1998. Third harmonic generation microscopy. Review of dynamic imaging with THG in living organisms was first demonstrated. The point scanning source was used for THG imaging. Excitation at 1.2 (xm, 250 kHz. Interface orientation dependency in respect to the laser beam was shown in glass beats. Opt. Exp. 3 315-24. 

Figure 4.21 Optical second-harmonic generation in (a) a bulk crystal (b) a glass fiber (c) within the cavity of a semiconductor laser...

For the observation of the fibers intrinsic properties, nanofibers obtained from MONHP4 and MOCLP4 have been transferred from mica to glass (silicon oxide) using a standard procedure [17, 18] in order to avoid second-harmonic generation from the underlying substrate and a wetting layer. 

Tanaka, K. et al. (1996) Optical second harmonic generation in poled MgO-ZnO-TeOz and B203-Te02 glasses, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 203, 49-54. 

Fujiwara, T. et al. (1997) Second-harmonic generation in germanosilicate glass poled with ArF laser irradiation, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 1032-4. 

Figure 1. Diagram of apparatus for picosecond fluorescence studies using streak camera detection. A laser oscillator B dye cell C output reflector D polarizer E spark gap F KDP pockels cell G polarizer (crossed with D) H clear glass beamsplitter J laser amplifier K pin photodiode L transient digitizer M,N 1054 nm reflectors P 2nd harmonic generator Q 3rd or 4th harmonic generator R spectrograph S streak camera T biplanar photodiode U image...

Mizrahi, V., Hibidino, Y., and Stegeman, G. (1990). Polarization study of photoinduced second harmonic generation in glass optical fibers. Opt. Comm. 78, 283-288. 

Most measurements are made with respect to a reference material that has to be very well characterized. Each technique might need a different material as reference. For instance, while in Third-Harmonic Generation, glass is used as a reference, in Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing it is usually carbon sulfide. 

Buchalter, B., Meredith, G.R. Third-order optical susceptibility of glasses determined by third harmonic generation. Appl. Opt. 21, 3221-3224 (1982)... 

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