Glass transmission properties

Selenium chalcogenide glasses exhibit good infrared transmission properties. These are used as lenses (ZnSe, CdSe) in laser apphcations and have potential applications in fiber optics (qv) and in data storage and retrieval. 

Although vitreous siUca is a simple, single-component glass, its properties can vary significantly, depending on thermal history, the type and concentration of defects, and impurities. Vitreous siUca can, however, be one of the purest commercially available glassy materials. In synthetic vitreous sihcas, for example, total metal contamination is typically measured ia the 50—100 ppb range. Even at such a low level of impurities, differences ia properties, such as uv-transmission, are observed for various siUcas. 

Detailed information on the emission characteristics of various sources and the transmission properties of glasses and filter solutions can be found in A J. Gordon and R. A. Ford, The Chemist s Companion, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1972, pp. 348-368 and in S. L. Murov, I. Carmichael, and G. L. Hug, Handbook of Photochemistry, 2nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New Vbrk, 1993. 

GENERAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GLASS Transmission of Light... 

The processed monochromatic light is then directed into a sample chamber, which can accommodate a wide variety of sample holders. Most UV-VIS measurements on biomolecules are taken on solutions of the molecules. The sample is placed in a tube or cuvette made of glass, quartz, or other transparent material. Figure 5.7 shows the design of the most common sample holders and the transmission properties of several transparent materials used in cuvette construction. 

B A standard 3-mL cuvette. Courtesy of Beckman Instruments, Inc. C The transmission properties of several materials used in cuvettes. A = silica (quartz) B = NIR silica C = polymethacrylate D = polystyrene E = glass. 

Optical transmission is an essential physical characteristic of halide glasses in the sense that, except for beryllium-based fluoride glass, this property differentiates... 

Scintillation vials appear to be a suitable container of choice for photostability studies, because they are manufactured of good optical quality glass and have reasonable transmission properties in the near-UV (>320 nm) and VIS... 

The photon transmissive properties of colored glass containers vary considerably with their thickness and absorptivity. Stewart and Tucker (24) considered... 

ETFE has customisable light transmission properties. Different levels can be achieved by patterns on the surface of one or more layers of the system. The density and pattern of the print defines the level of light transmission. Patterns can also be added to glass thus providing sun and glare protection ... 

Their resistance to aikaline media exceeds that of commercially available AR silicate glass fibers (Chapter 6) having a zirconia content of up to 15% [20]. Hydroxyl-free quaternary calcium aluminate glass fibers (Figure 9), e.g., non-silica fibers containing 46.2% AI2O3 -36.0% CaO - 4.0% MgO -13.8% BaO, afford sapphire-like infrared transmission properties. 

Transmission properties. The recent interest in erbium- (Er +-)doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) originates from the recognized fact that the optical fiber transmission windows for silica or fluoride glasses (fig. 34) are in tune with the wavelengths of the two Er + transitions I13/2 I15/2 at 1.5 pm, and Ii 1/2 I13/2 at 2.7 pm. 

Core The central region of an optical fiber consists of a sihca-glass structure in which dopants are added to achieve the desired light transmission properties for a particular type of optical fiber. The distribution of dopants alters the index of refraction of the glass, which varies based on dopant concentration. The resulting refractive core properties are referred to as the index profile. 

Halide Glasses. Glasses containing heavy metal fluorides have good infra-red transmission properties, and high thermal expansion coefficients (up to 20 X 10-6/K). 

The Transpa material heightens the transmission properties of the dental product. These materials are either applied with the incisal material or layered on the incisal glass-ceramic. The Effect materials of IPS d.SIGN are opal glass-ceramics that produce an opalescent appearance (see Section 2.4.6). 

Optical components are manufactured from transparent materials of certain refractive indices. We have already discussed the refractive properties of glass and quartz in Sect.6.1.1. Here we will consider the transmission properties of optical materials. Optical glass is transparent from about 350 nm to 2.6 /im. This region of transmission can be extended by using quartz. In Fig.6.48 transmission curves for different qualities of quartz are shown. As can be seen the best quartz has a transmission down to 170 nm. However, strong absorption bands can occur in the near IR region, particularly at 2.7 /xm. These are due to the presence of water (O-H bonds) in the quartz. Water-free quartz can be used up to about 3.5 /xm. 

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