Glass frit reactor

Packaging was designed to thermally isolate the device while maintaining electrical and fluid interconnects. The first step was to protect the device from mechanical shock by using spacer chips. Glass-frit bonding techniques were used to bond the chips to the reactor. Low-pressure vacuum packaging and... 

Thermostated glass tubular reactor with fritted glass septum... 

One of the first fluidized bed photocatalytic reactors was presented by Dibble and Raupp (1992), who used silica-supported titania catalysts in order to degrade TCE with an AQE of 13%. Here, the UV sources in this bench-scale reactor were located externally to the reactor. Catalyst loss was prevented in this laboratory-scale reactor by introducing a second glass frit located at the reactor outlet. 

Crynes et al. [35] have developed what they call a monolith froth reactor. They introduce the gas through a porous glass frit just below the monolith, forming a froth that is fed into the reactor. Oxidation of phenol was studied in a 5-cm-wide and 33-cm-long... 

MR with a porous glass frit (145-175- xm pore diameter). They obtained very good mass transfer properties, but the residence-time distribution of the liquid phase corresponded to a stirred tank reactor... 

The space velocity in cocurrent upflow, e.g., in the froth reactor, can be controlled within large areas by the pumping rate. There is an upper velocity limit for formation of small bubbles in the glass frit, and the very high back-mixing in the monolith indicates that draining of the monolith down to the inlet area can be a problem at low velocities. The residence-time distribution in the monolith froth reactor has been studied by Patrick et al. [36] and Thulasidas et al. [37]. 

The hydrochlorination of silicon was carried out in a test device consisting of feed supply, reactor, and product analysis. The reactor is made of glass and has an internal diameter of 35 mm. HCl feed is introduced to the silicon powder through a glass frit bottom of the reactor. The reaction temperature was controlled by a furnace with temperature controller and measured by a thermocouple inserted into an indent on the side of the reactor, reaching to the silicon bed. To adapt the conditions to the industrial fluidized bed reactor, the glass reactor was forced to vibrate by a commercial excentric drive. 

Some difficulty was encountered in the formation of aromatic sulfones. When the ozonation was carried out in chloroform in a reactor using a glass frit for the dispersion of ozone, a solid precipitated which clogged the frit as the second equivalent of ozone was added. 

Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution (HKR) of epichlorohydrin. The HKR reaction was performed by the standard procedure as reported by us earlier (17, 22). After the completion of the HKR reaction, all of the reaction products were removed by evacuation (epoxide was removed at room temperature ( 300 K) and diol was removed at a temperature of 323-329 K). The recovered catalyst was then recycled up to three times in the HKR reaction. For flow experiments, a mixture of racemic epichlorohydrin (600 mmol), water (0.7 eq., 7.56 ml) and chlorobenzene (7.2 ml) in isopropyl alcohol (600 mmol) as the co-solvent was pumped across a 12 cm long stainless steel fixed bed reactor containing SBA-15 Co-OAc salen catalyst (B) bed ( 297 mg) via syringe pump at a flow rate of 35 p,l/min. Approximately 10 cm of the reactor inlet was filled with glass beads and a 2 pm stainless steel frit was installed at the outlet of the reactor. Reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography using ChiralDex GTA capillary column and an FID detector. 

In the process shown in Figure 10-9 the phosgene is fed from the container through a valve into a fritted glass bubbler in the reactor. The reflux condenser condenses aniline vapors and returns them to the reactor. A caustic scrubber is used to remove the phosgene and HC1 vapors from the exit vent stream. The complete process is contained in a hood. 

Fig. 3.94. Process and instrument flow sheet diagram PI, P2 pumps Wl, heat exchanger Bl, B2, glass reactors FI, F2, membrane cells B3, B4 safety PTFE cells F3, F4, HPLC filter frits. Reprinted with permission from A. Rehorek et al. [155].

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