Glacially-influenced

Maioloni B, Lencioni V (2001) Longitudinal distribution of macroinvertebrate assemblages in a glacially influenced stream system in the Italian Alps. Freshw Biol 46 1625... 

GLACIALLY-INFLUENCED SEDIMENT CYCLES IN THE LIME CREEK KARST, EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO... 

Slope instabilities associated with high pore-water pressures generated in rapidly accumulating fine-grained glacial sediments promote failure and resedimentation of large sediment volumes on glacially influenced outer continental shelves and slopes. 

The identification of camphene is best carried out by its conversion into isobomeol under the influence of acetic acid in the presence of sulphuric acid. In order to effect this conversion, 100 grams of the fraction containing the terpene in substantial quantity are mixed with 250 grains of glacial acetic acid and 10 grams of 50 per cent, sulphuric acid. Tne mixture is heated for two to three hours on a water-bath to a temperature of 50° to 60°. At first the liquid separates into two layers, bat soon becomes homogeneous and takes on a pale red colour. Excess of water is added, and the oil which is precipitated, and which contains the isobomeol in the form of its acetate, is well washed with water repeatedly. It is then saponified by heating with alcoholic potash solution on a water-bath. The liquid is then evaporated and extracted with water, and the residue recrystallised from petroleum ether. 

The solvent used is an important factor influencing the rate of reduction 34 and no generalization can be made beyond the one that alcohol, either 95 per cent or absolute has proved to be the best solvent for most of the compounds thus far studied. Ethyl acetate and glacial acetic acid may be used to advantage in some cases. 

Fairbanks, R. G. (1989). A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record influence of glacial melting rates on younger dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342, 637-642. 

Records of past environmental change are preserved in a broad range of Earth materials. Past environments are inferred from "proxy" records, meaning measurements of physical and chemical parameters of marine and terrestrial sediment, polar ice, and other materials that were in some way influenced by their environment during accumulation. Examples of proxy records are the distribution of glacial deposits, the isotopic composition of terrestrial and marine sediments and ice, the abundance and species composition of plant and animal fossils, and the width of tree rings. 

Eisenhauer A, Gogen K, Pemicka E, Mangini A (1992) Climatic influences on the growth rates of Mn cmsts during the Late Quaternary. Earth Planet Sci Lett 109 25-36 Elderfield H, Rickaby REM (2000) Oceanic Cd/P ratio and nutrient utilization in the glacial Southern Ocean. Natme 405 305-310... 

Polar and subtropical fronts have shifted southwards in the (geologically) recent past and many regions that are arid today once had a more humid climate. Conversely, many of the present humid regions were much drier in glacial periods, especially between 20,000 and 13,000 BP when aeolian processes influenced land formation more than at present. Mass wasting, fluvial processes and aeolian processes are the most important landform-shaping factors in arid and semi-arid regions. 

Experiments.—In order to learn, at least qualitatively, the influence of the hydrogen ion concentration on the velocity of decomposition, about 0-5 c.c. of ethyl diazoacetate is dissolved in a little 50 per cent alcohol and the solution is divided into two portions in small beakers to which respectively 1 c.c. of 0-1 AT-hydrochloric acid and 1 c.c. of 0-1 N-acetic acid (prepared in a measuring cylinder from glacial acetic acid) are added. 

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