Germination of spores

No histopathological changes in midgut epithelium general paralysis or rise in blood pH Germination of spores and multiplication of vegetative bacilli... 

Krupa, J. (1964). Studies on the physiology of germination of spores of Funaria hygrometrica (Sibth.). I. The influence of light on germination with respect to water balance and respiratory processes. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 33 177-192. 

Cucumbers and cabbage fermented by lactobacilli are popular dishes in the central and eastern Europe. Sauerkraut is frequently consumed by low-income communities, especially in winter. Surprisingly, no cases of botulism have been linked to consumption of such products. This observation may be explained based on the results of studies carried out by Braconnier et al. (2003). The authors analyzed germination of spores of C. botulinum type A and B, as well as changes in spore counts, in mushroom, broccoli, and potato purees. The addition of mixtures containing L-cysteine, L-alanine, and sodium lactate to... 

In 1966, Lundgren [9] observed the existence of an optimum temperature for germination of spores, therefore Clouston and Willis [10, 11] deepened the process of germination and the inactivation of Bacillus pumilius under high-pressure treatment (HPT) and Wills [12] described the sensitivity of spores exposed to radiant energy. 

Probably the most commonly referred to compound which accounts for a form of passive resistance of a chemical nature is protocatechuic acid (6.16) which is found in yellow and red skinned onions and prevents the germination of spores of the onion smudge fungus, Colletotrichum circinans. Thus, protocatechuic acid serves as a barrier to infection prior to penetration. Once penetration occurs the compound is ineffective. 

A. Nishi (1961). Role of polyphosphate and phospholipid in germinating of spores of Aspergillus niger. J. Bacteriol., 81, 10-17. 

Fan, Y., Li, C., Lay, J., Hou, H., Zhang, G. (2004). Optimization of initial substrate and pH levels for germination of sporing hydrogen-producing anaerobes in cow dung compost. Bioresource Technology, 91189-193. 

Fig. 136.—SlerigmatocysHs niger (Aspergillus niger) showing couidiophores and conidiospores formation with stages in germination of spores. (Harshberger, after Henri Coupin.)...

In drying of some materials, which requires careful hygienic attention, e.g., food, availability of water for growth of microorganisms, germination of spores, and participation in several types of chemical reactions becomes an important issue. This availability, which depends on relative pressure or water activity is defined as fhe ratio of the partial pressure p of water over the wet solid system to the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at the same temperature. Thus, which is also equal to the relative humidity of the surrounding humid air, is defined as... 

The observed role of water in the stability of macromolecules is also found in cells. It is well known that bacterial spores are very difficult to inactivate by high pressures. On the other hand the germination of spores takes place at pressures of the order of 100 Mpa [20]. We have already mentioned the example of the role in water in the effect of pressure on the activity of Tardigrades [19]. 

In general, chlorinated nitrobenzenes reduce the growth rate of fungi and spore formation, but they do not inhibit the germination of spores. The effect of halogenated dinitro- or trinitrobenzenes is more similar to that of halogenated mononitrobenzenes than to that of dinitroalkylphenols. 

Germination of spores and isolation of pure mushroom mycelium. 

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