Germination inhibiting activity

Germination inhibition Seeds of cucumber, mustard, oat, and onion were placed in thin layers of soil that previously had been mixed with the chemical at rates of 5 and 10kg of active ingredient per hectare (kg a.i./ha). Influences on seed germination and early growth of seedlings were recorded. 

Some bithienyl and terthienyl derivatives display biological activities including antifungal, nematocidal, and seed germination inhibition. The Stille reaction is regarded as the method of choice for the preparation of these thiophenes. For example, the union of 5-iodo-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 2-tributylstannylthiophene furnished 5-(2 -thienyl)-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde (209) [96]. In addition, terthienyl and bithienyl derivatives have been synthesized using 3,4-dinitro-2,5-dibromothiophene [143] and... 

Dichlobenil is a potent inhibitor of germination, inhibiting the actively dividing cells of meristems. It stops the growth of sprouts of perennial weeds, but their root systems survive the treatment, so the weeds may resprout. Dichlobenil is ineffective against dormant tubers (Hardcastle and Wilkinson, 1968). 

A number of cruciferous plants inhibit the growth of competing vegetation several glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products have been isolated and demonstrated to possess herbicidal or growth-inhibiting activity. Others inhibit seed germination. 

Cathartic effects Allergenicity Hypotensive activity Insecticidal activity Piscicidal activity Germination inhibition Antimicrobial activity Fungistatic activity Influence on nucleic acids Influence on enzymes... 

Cell Division Inhibitors. The most common mode of action of soil-appHed herbicides is growth inhibition, primarily through dkect or indkect interference with cell division (163). Such growth inhibitory activity is the basis for most pre- or post-emergent herbicides intended to control germinating weed seeds. In germinating seeds, cell division occurs in the meristems of the root and the shoot. Meristematic cells go through a cycle... 

Lactones. Physiologically active lactones such as parasorbic acid, coumarin, scopoletin, and protoanemonin occur in many plant families (Figure 2). The lactones may perform a regulatory function in the plant, and have been shown to inhibit germination and to repress root growth [reviewed in detail by Hemberg 61), Evenari 36,37), and Borner 12)]. 

Leaves of Eucalyptus rostrata were shown to contain substances that inhibited growth and germination (90). Four active fractions were obtained from the crude leaf extract. Inhibitory constituents were shown to contain a carbonyl group and a carbon-carbon double... 

Aliphatic compounds Several water-soluble simple organic acids and alcohols are cannon plant and soil constituents. They include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and butanol (40), and crotonic, oxalic, formic, butyric, lactic, acetic and succinic acids (41, 42), all of which inhibit seed germination or plant growth. Under aerobic conditions, however, aliphalic acids are metabolized in the soil and therefore, should not be considered a major source of allelopathic activity (40). 

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