Germany: industrial mobilization

At dawn on March 12, 1938, German troops crossed the border into Austria. For ethnic reasons, Hitler s plan for governing Austria was not much different from his administration in Germany. Austria was to work for the German industrial mobilization, but her industries were not to be subjugated. 

The catalyst companies were encouraged to resume their research activities in automotive catalysis in the late 1960 s as further tightening of automotive emissions standards became imminent, and it appeared that mere engine modifications might be inadequate to meet the new standards. A systems approach was first used upon the formation of the Inter-Industry Emission Control Program by the Ford Motor Company and the Mobil Oil Corporation in 1967, which was joined by a number of oil companies in the U.S. and a number of automobile companies in Italy, Japan, and Western Germany. 

On the other hand the portable enzyme-membrane-electrode-based systems Biosen 5020L and Biosen 6020G (EKF Industrial Electronics, Magdeburg, Germany), besides good analytical performance, are characterized by an extremely short lag time between sample withdrawal and measuring result. Therefore, and because of their mobility, these systems are particularly well suited for application to different sports facilities and intensive care away from centralized laboratories (see table 17.3). 

By the beginning of 1915, it was becoming clear that the war would involve, to an unexpected degree, an unprecedented combination of (1) geopolitical control over raw materials (2) the mobilization and deployment of skilled manpower (3) the rationalization of component industries, with linkages between the supply of raw materials, the production of intermediates, and the manufacture of munitions and (4) clear lines of communication between applied research, chemical industry, government procurement, and military demands. In Britain, as in Germany, the nature of chemical... 

Everybody knows that in several belligerent countries organizations have been established which aim to make scientists help to meet various demands. England has the Advisory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, America the US National Research Council, in France Min. Painleve has established a similar committee, and we can be sure that in Germany science has been mobilized. In our country, the question has also been raised whether the practitioners of pure and applied science should not be working, more than before, for the benefit of the national welfare and defence. ... 

ERCOM runs a mobile shredder unit that will visit plants or collection points of member companies to size-reduce scrap parts on site and so reduce transport costs. It then ships the compacted material to a central fractioning plant at Rastatt, Germany where, with a 30 t/day facility, it produces a range of active fillers and fibrous reinforcement material for sale back to SMC producers and other users. Primary SMC products have been developed containing up to 25% recyclate without loss in properties. Several have already been approved by the automotive industry for commercial use and product testing continues as a high priority to demonstrate consistent quality for recyclate material, SMC product, and finished molding. 

The chemical industry almost completely lacks organization. Of course, there are prosperous firms, but their production is not connected, such that they rely on Germany for part of the products they manufacture. We are at a moment when this organization, incomplete and insufficient even in peacetime, must ensure not only the continuation of normal life within the country, but also a new effort, unsuspected until now when the necessities of hasty mobilization and of resistance to a sudden offensive are depriving the chemical industry of nearly all its means. This is also the moment when the main industrial areas are being occupied and invaded by the enemy. ... 

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